334 A COMPENDIUM OF 
The Juniper Tar, or Oil of Cade, is obtained 
from the destructive distillation of the wood of 
the Juniperus Oxycedrus, and is analagous to the 
oil of tar. Tar and its preparations are stimu- 
lating, insecticide andirritant. They are given 
in form of syrup, wine and glycerite, and exter- 
nally applied as an ointment. The dose of the 
wine and syrup is 1 to 2 fluid drachms (4 to 8 
grams). 
Abies Excelsa, Pinus Abies, Norway 
Spruce or Burgundy Pitch Tree.—Natural or- 
der Coniferee. This tree often attains the height 
of 150 feet, and is a native of Europe and north- 
ern Asia. The branches are adorned with short, 
four-cornered leaves, which are often curved. 
The male flowers are in axillary catdins, and 
of a purple color; the female flowers are of the 
same color, but inflorescent in terminal cat- 
kins, The fruit is in pendant purple cones, 
the scales of which are ovoidal with ragged 
edges. Stigmas glandular; ovaries two in num- 
ber, and seeds dicotyledonous, digitale and 
pastile. 
It is said that the European Silver Fir Tree is 
the chief source of the Burgundy pitch; we know 
that it is obtained from these species of Abies, 
and that after incisions into the tree the resin 
exudes spontaneously. Pix Burgundica, Bur- 
gundy, occurs in commerce in yellowish or 
brownish opaque masses, usually taking the 
form of the receptacle in which it is kept. Bur- 
gundy Pitch contains volatile oil, resin and ava- 
' Tiable proportion of water, and is distinguished 
from the spurious varieties by lacking their 
