BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA. 355 
next quality is obtained in the same manner, 
but from the blossoms of the bitter orange (Ci- 
trus Bigaradia), and is known as the Neroli Bi- 
garadia. The oil known as the essence of petit 
grai is obtained by distilling the leaves and 
unripe fruit of the tree. The finer grade of oil 
is of a deep yellow or brownish color, with a 
fragrant odor, having an aromatic, bitter taste, 
neutral reaction, and a specific gravity between 
0.85 and 0.89, and yields with alcohol a violet 
fluoresence. The greater part of the oil is a 
true hydrocarbon, and the remainder composed 
of a crystalline body called xeroli camphor, 
which is neutral and tasteless. All of the oils 
or essences are much used in perfumery, and 
prove great adjuncts to colognes, toilet waters, 
etc. Orange Flower Oil is used as an ingredient 
in the officinal sfzrztus odoratus. All the oils are 
prepared either in Calabria Messina and Sicily, 
Italy, or near the cities of Grasse, Cannes and 
Nice, France. Turns the plane of polarized 
light to the right. 
Oleum Bergamii, Bergamot Oil; a volatile 
oil prepared from the rind or peel of the Citrus 
Bergamia or Bergamot Orange.—The tree from 
which the fruit is obtained is said to be a hybrid 
between the orange and lemon tree, and be- 
longs to the same natural order. It is a small 
tree, cultivated on the Calabrian coast for the 
volatile oil which its fruit contains. The oil is 
prepared and obtained in the same manner as 
the oils of orange and lemon, and occurs as a 
greenish-yellow volatile liquid, very fragrant, 
having a specific gravity of about 0.88, possess- 
ing the same chemical equivalents as the tur- 
