BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA. 357 
8 to 15 drops (0.5 to 1.0 gram), given in form 
of an emulsion or on a lump of sugar. The 
Eucalypti yield oils almost identical in compo- 
sition. 
Oleum Caryophylli, Clove Oil; obtained 
from the unexpanded flower buds (cloves) of 
the evergreen tree Caryophyllus Aromaticus or 
Eugenia Caryophyllata.—Natural order Myrta- 
cez. This volatile oil is obtained by distilling 
the cloves with salt and water, the salt is used 
to raise the temperature to boiling point. When 
fresh, the oil is thin, clear, and almost color- 
less, but by age and exposure to the light it be- 
comes of a rich brown color and less fluid. The 
specific gravity is an exception to that of most 
of the volatile oils, it being 1.034, a little 
heavier than water. It is also the least vola- 
tile of all the essential oils, and requires sev- 
eral degrees below zero to crystallize or con- 
gealit. Like the caraway, it is said to consist 
of two distinct oils, one lighter and one heavier 
than water, the former being inert and having 
the same formula as the pure terpentine oil. 
The heavy oil contains eugenic acid, (egenol), 
which is easily converted into vanillin. By 
acid nitric the Oil of Cloves yields a substance 
called caryophyllintc acid. The oil is rarely 
given alone as medicine, but enters into the 
composition of confectio scammoni and the /i- 
lulu colocynthidis composita of the British Phar- 
macopeeia. It is also used as an adjunct to 
perfumes, and as a local remedy in toothache, 
etc. 
Oleum Camphora, Camphor Oil; obtained 
from the Crude or Concrete Oil by pressure.— 
