BOTANIC MATERIA MEDICA. 469 
Radical—rad’-i-kal (Italian radicale ; Fr. rad- 
cal, from the Lat. radix, a root, genative 
radicts, to grow, torise). Proceeding toa point, 
to the summit or crown of the root; applied 
to leaves close to the ground and clustered at 
the base of the flower stalk. 
Ramuli—ram'u-li (Lat. ramudus, a little branch, 
from ramus, a branch). The twigs or small 
branches of a tree or shrub. 
Ranunculus—tra’-nun’-ku-lus (Lat. ranunculus, 
a little frog; from vana, a frog). Crow-foot, 
or frog-foot, an order of plants including 
many species, buttercups, etc. ; so called from 
the species which grows where frogs are nu- 
merous. 
Rape—rape (Lat. rapum, a turnip, rape; Ital. 
rapa; Gr. rapus). A plant of the cabbage 
kind cultivated for the oil obtained from the 
seeds. 
Raphe—tra’-fe (Gr. rhaphe, a seam, from rhap- 
tein, to sew together). A term applied to the 
parts of a plant which look asif they had been 
glued together; the line connecting the hilum 
and chalza on the seed; the line of junction 
of two halves, 
Raphides—plural, raf’-i-des, (Gr. raphis, or 
raphida, from rhaptein, to stitch togther). 
Minute needle-like crystals found in the tis- 
sue of plants. 
Ray—Fr. rai, a beam of the sun; Lat. radius ; 
Italian radio, aray). The outer petals in a 
flower of the natural order of Umbelliferz 
and Composite, when differently formed from 
those in the centre. 
