NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE XXV. 1918. 301 



From the figures given below it will he seen that the specimens from Java 

 and Singapore average larger than those in the intervening island of Sumatra 

 and the more northern mainland of Malacca. Tliis is very interesting and shows 

 how extremely careful one must be not to make subspecies on size alone. 



It is of course impossible that we should have subspecies in alternating 

 areas like this, and they must therefore all be included under one name, and, 

 doubtless, if we had long enough series the averages would all come down to 

 practically the same. 



Habitat. Malacca to the extreme south of the Malay Peninsula, Singapore 

 Island, Sumatra, and Java. 



Wing average, 140 mm. (126-153) ; tail, up to 380 mm. ; bill, 24-29 mm. 

 (90 birds). 



(3) Dissemurus jxiradiseu.s brachyphorus. 



Eduliua brachyphorus Bp., Consp. (len. Av. i. p. 351 (1850). 



Type Locality : Borneo. 



This is the smallest of all the geograpliical races of D. parudiseus, has no 

 crest whatsoever, and has a very short tail, the racquets on the outermost 

 feathers being con.spicuously smaller and more narrow than in any other race. 



Habitat confined to Borneo. 



Wing average, 135 mm. (129-149) ; tail, up to 300 mm.; bill, 24-2.S nun. 

 (30 birds). 



(4) Dissemurus paradiseus johni. 

 Hartert, Nov. Zool. ix. p. 580. 1902. 



Type Locality : Hainan. 



Tliis bird is very similar to the large, full-crested form 'jrandis, from N.E. 

 India and Northern Burma, but is separable from it at once by the crest wliich 

 is softer and fuller and less hairy. It also differs in being sUghtly smaller, with 

 a much shorter tail. 



Habitat confined to Hainan. 



Wing average, 154 mm. (143-169); tail, up to 420 mm.; bill, 26-29 mm. 

 (4 birds). 



(5) Dissemurus paradiseus rangoonensis. 

 Eiloliiis rangoonensis Gould, P.Z.S. 1836. p. 5. 



Type Locality : Rangoon. 



This is a shghtly larger bird than paradiseus, with a decidedly fuller, longer 

 crest which often ciu'ls back well over the centre of the crown. The bill is 

 slightly larger, the tail well developed, with racquets which sometimes exceed 

 76 mm. in length. From grandis it differs in being smaller and in having a 



