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iifiked white spots at the angle of the orbits disapiiear. I kept this animal alive, 

 intending to bring it home ; but it succumbed to the seventy of our return 

 passage. It fed on the leaves of sweet potatoes and tapioca, and although it had been 

 recently captured, in a few days it was very gentle and timid. The breeding season 

 with these monkeys is either very prolonged, or is not defined at all, for I obtained 

 them in October, when the rains were beginning, in all stages from a foetus three 

 inches long to half-grown specimens. The following are the measurenieut.s of two 

 adult individuals in the flesh : — 



A. E.] 



2. Semnopithecus cristatus (KatlL). 



[[ obser\ed these monkeys on tSirhassen Island, where they appeared to be fairly 

 abundant ; but during my brief visit of five days I did not succeed in obtaining a 

 specimen. When a gun is fired they make the forest resound witli their deep groaning 

 hoots — a sound curiouslj' sugge.stive to the hearer of alarm and defiance together, and 

 quite unlike their ordinary note, which may be syllabled " chekoh." These monkeys 

 are abundant on the adjacent mainland of Borneo. The Sirhassen ]\Ialays call thcni 

 "Lutung." — A. K.] 



3. Macacus cynomolgus (Schreb.). (See Blanford, Mam. India, p. 23.) 



A typical specimen from Bunguran. 



[Abundant in both Sirhassen and Bunguran, where they come down in large 

 parties to the seashore, sitting in groups on the larger boulders, or playing and hunting 

 for prey along the sands when the tide is out. In mature animals the face, hands, 

 and feet are dark brown ; the lower eyelids a paler brown ; the upjier eyelids and 

 upper halves of the orbits whitish. In a very young 'nude the bare skin of the fa<-e 

 was livid lirosvii, rather paler on the evelids, and the hands and feet were dark bromi. 

 -A. K] 



4. Macacus nemestrinus (Linn.). 

 [These macaques do not exist in a wild state, but all the owners of cocoanut plan- 

 tations keep one or more in captivity. They may be considered as one of the domestic 

 animals of the Natunas, all being trained to work as gatherers of cocoanuts, the natives 

 very seldom ascending the palms themselves. They are brought from Borneo, 

 Singapore, and Sumatra, and are purchased while very young for a dollar or two apiece, 

 and regularly trained for their work, a well-educated monkey, alile to pick some five 

 hundred nuts a day, being valued as high as fifteen dollars. The process of training 

 consists in hanging up ripe nuts by a string which will break when twisted sufficiently 

 long, and then the ]\Ialay takes the monkey's two paws in his hands and applies them 

 to the sides of the nut, and twists it round until the support breaks and the nut 

 falls, calling out to the animal at the same time " I'utar ! " which is the Malay for to 

 twist round. When properly trained the monkey is sent up the palms, and picks as 

 many ripe nuts as it can find, not touching the green ones unless it grows thirsty, when 



