126 NOVITATES ZOOLOQICAS XXVI. 1919 



and the hackles on the throat are in most cases narrower and more pointed in 

 canariensis, wider towards the tips in tingitanus. 



When describing canariensis, Kleinschmidt and I had very few specimens 

 for comparison, in fact Kleinschmidt saw only the tj'pe and I four others, while 

 of tingitanus 12 were available in Tring alone, and some in Kleinschmidt 's collec- 

 tion. We have now 32 tingitanus and 16 canariensis in the Tring Museum. The 

 usually greater length in the bill of the latter is best seen when measuring the 

 gonys. Males have a longer bill than females, as a rule. 



16. Corvus corax clarionensis Rothsch. and Hart. = Corvus corax clarioneyisis. 

 Corvui corax darionensis Rothschild & Hartert, Nov. Zool. 1902, p. 381 (Clarion Island). 



Type : S ad., Clarion Island, Revilla Gigedo group, 11. xii. 1900. No. 103. 

 R. H. Beck leg. 



We have since also received a male from San Benedicte Island with the 

 wing-tips rather worn, but hardly over 390 mm. long. Cf. Ridgway, B. North 

 and Middle Am. iii. p. 265. — Ridgway unites with these birds specimens from 

 San Clementa and Santa CataUna in the Santa Barbara off South California, 

 but states that these measurements are larger, having wings up to 412-7 mm., 

 but shorter tarsi ; perhaps these birds belong to another race, the Revilla 

 Gigedo group being far away and having many specialized forms. According to 

 Oberholser, however, C. c. clarionensis extends even over the south-western 

 United States ! 



17. Corvus macrorhynchus osai Ogawa = Corvus coronoides osai. 



Corvus macrorhynchui osai Ogawa, Aniiot. Zool. Japan, v. pt. 4. p. 196 (1905 — Okinawa, Ishigaki 

 and Kobama Iriomote), 



Type : (J ad., Kobama Island, southern group of Riu-Kiu (Loo-tshoo) 

 Islands, 26. vii. 1904. Collected by Owston's Japanese collectors. No. 1647. 



This is a very small form. Cf. Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Oes. Bayern, xii. 

 p. 282. In this article Stresemann has very ably reviewed the eastern Ravens, 

 and he makes japonensis, ^nandshuricus, hassi, connectens, osai, intermedius, 

 andamanensis, levaillanti, madaraszi, hainanus, colonorum, 7nacrorhynchus,philip- 

 pinus, orru, insularis, coronoides, perplexus, bennetti, cecilae, and latirostris sub- 

 species of coronoides, a view with which I fully agree. 



18. Corvus coronoides connectens Stres. = C. coronoides connectens. 



Corvus coronoides connectens Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Gee. Bayern, xii. p. 281 (1916 — Okinawa and 

 Miyako, Biu-Kiu Islands), 



Type : S ad., Miyako-shima, 5. vii. 1904. No. 1642. Alan Owston's 

 Japanese collectors. 



? 19. Corvus coronoides madaraszi Stres. = C coronoides madaraszi. 

 Corvus coronoides rtuidaraszi Stresemsinn, Verh. Orn, Ges. Bayern, xii. p. 285 (1916 — Ceylon), 



Type : <J ad., Colombo, 13. ii. 1894. E. Ernest Green leg. 



Seems to be distinguished from its nearest ally (levaillaniii) by its short 

 wings and more glossy, somewhat violet underside ; but must perhaps be called 

 culminatus, if the South Indian birds are as small as those from Ceylon (Baker 

 in litt.). Most Ceylon forms are smaller than their continental brethren. 



