316 NOVITATES ZOOLOOICAE XXVI. 1919. 



•nake attacking no less formidable a mouthful than a male Morpho didius, as 

 it sat sipping from a puddle in the road. 



It would be interesting to know the early stages of pausanias, but as yet 

 I have no notion as to what its larva feeds on, and it is evidently a rare species 

 in Para. 



P. ariarathes metagenes (pi. iv. fig. 6). v 



A fairly common species about Para, but more restricted to special times 

 and seasons than some others. Though the butterfly has occasionally been 

 netted in company with the Aristolochia PapiUos in Utinga, the species has 

 much more frequently been taken in the larval condition in the same place in 

 AprU and May, sometimes in other months, such as February and June. It 

 has also been taken in some numbers in such localities as Canudos, the road 

 leading from Souza through S. Joaquim to Val de Caes, Pinhetro, and Mosqueiro. 



If the last butterfly was noted for its mimicry of a Hdiconius, and hyppason 

 for its wonderful resemblance to lysander, the species before us now is not one 

 whit less remarkable in its departure from the approved pattern of its close 

 allies, and its adoption of the form, design, colour, and even locality of the tail- 

 less black and red-spotted Papilios of Division I. In fact, we have in ariarathes 

 of Division III and hyppason of Division II, in aU outward appearances and even 

 in considerable detail, perfect reproductions of the standard type of those butter- 

 flies in Division 1. So close, indeed, are these resemblances that one would 

 still be inclined to doubt the correctness of the classification, were it not a fact 

 that in all three cases the larvae, pupae, and food-plants are utterly and entirely 

 distinct from one another, and approximate to other standards. Of course this 

 is all well known, but not until the early stages of many more species are 

 unravelled will this strange problem of life show up in its proper proportions 

 and admit of satisfactory treatment. 



The egg of ariarathes is moderate in size, yellow in colour, ribbed vertically, 

 and is laid singly, sometimes two or three on a plant, on the tender green leaves 

 of several different species of Anonaceae, the " Biriba," Rollinia squamosa, 

 the " Oraviola," Amomi mwicata and araticu, and other wUd species with less 

 pungent-scented leaves. 



The larva, though short and stumpy, and of entirely distinct outline from 

 the Aristolochia caterpillars, has at least this in common with them, that 

 throughout its stages it is prominently adorned with fleshy tubercles. These, 

 however, are more erect, and difler greatly in their relative lengths and exact 

 position. 



As there is but little change of colour and design with the successive moults, 

 the description of the full-grown larva may suffice. This is of a very deep, 

 reddish-purple colour, with tiny touches of blue and pink above the claspers. 



Sometimes in the last stage the ground-colour is lighter, freckled with 

 purple touches, and showing a broail medio-dorsal band of olive-green, except 

 on segment 9. This always possesses a broad transverse belt of strong lemon- 

 yellow and, as though in continuation but at a slightly oblique angle, a similar 

 band of the same colour marks each side of segment 8. A narrower belt connects 

 a prominent pair of orange-coloured tubercles on segment 3, while spots of 

 lemon mark the sides of segments 2, 4, 5, and 6, and the last three. The length 



