( 238 ) 

 3:5. Papilio polydorus L. [6.^ . \>u\y,\']. 



Seba, T/ire IV. p. 35. t. 28. f. 21. 22 (ITCi) (■' I'lomont. b. sp." he. en:). 



ra/tilio puh/doi-iis hitmr, Amoen. Aaul. TI. p. 401. n. 50 (1763) ("India") : C'lerck, Iron. /»;.■. II. 

 t. 33. f. 2 (1764) ; Godart, ICnc. Melh. IX. p. 71. n. 130 (1K1<») ( ? , nee J) ; Doubl. We.stw. & 

 Hew., den. Diurn. Lep. I. p. 9. n. 18 (184(j) (" Indian Archipelago"): Gray, Oit. Le.ji. Im. 

 li. M. I. p. 9. n. 33 (1852) (.s«6 gynon.) ; id., Lint Lep. Im. B. .1/. I. p. 10. n. 3(! (1852) (mh 

 si/non.) ; Vollenhov., Tijdschr. r. Ent. III. p. G3. n. 72 (1800) (Amboina : " Macis-sai' " loc. 

 en: )) : Feld., Verli. z. b. (!es. Wien p. 32G. n. 483. & p. 375. n. 287 (1864) (Amboina ; Ceram : 

 Ternate : nee Australia; "Java" luc. en:): Koch, Ijiilo-Aiislrnl. Lep. Fhhihi. p. 63 (1865) 

 (Ceriim : Amboina; nee Australia, Celebes: ",Iava" hie. en:): Wall., /'/■. Linn. Soc. Loml. 

 XXV. p. 42. n. 24 (1805) (p.p. : Ceram ; Matabello I. : Batjau ; Huru) ; Biitl, Cal. Dunn. 

 Ltp. ikxer. Fabric, p. 258 (1869) {p.p. ; nee Aru Is.): Oberth., Et.d'Enl. IV. p. 44. n. 57 

 (1879) (Amboina) ; Aurivill., Kongl. Sr. Vet. Ak. IIundL XIX. 5. p. 171. n. 8 (1882) : 

 Standing. & Schatz, E.rul. Sehmelt. I. p. 6 (1884) ; Pagenstech., Jakrh. Naan. Ver. Nut. p. 202 

 (1884) {p.p. : Amboina) ; Ribbe, Iris II. p. 208. n. 4 (189(1) (Ceram : Amboina : nee Aru, 

 Papua) ; Haase, Unlersnch. nh. Mint. p. 25 (1893) (Molucca.s ; (ut Australia). 



Papilht Eijueii Trajunus ])ulii<li>ru.i Linm'. Si/st. Xut. ed. xii. p. 746. n. 10 (17(i7) C India ") ; Fabr., 

 Sijst. Ent. p. 446. n. 14 (1775) ("India"); Goeze, E7it. Beijtr. III. p. 33. n. 10 (1779) (c.i-c(. 

 Kleemann's Beijtr.) ; Fabr., Hpec. Ins. II. p. 6. n. 20 (1781) (synon. ej- p.) ; Esper, AtixL Sehmett. 

 p. 28. n. ID. t. 5. f. 2 (17851 (Amboina ; " Cap," " Bengal," " Coromandel, ' " Surinam '' loc. err.) : 

 Gmelin. Sii.hI. Nat. I. 5. p. 2229. n. 10 (1790) {p.p.) : Fabr., Ent. .S//..7. III. 1. p. 9. n. 26 (1793) 

 (p.p.). 



Papilio Eqiies Trojanus polydotns Miiller, Naturs. V. 1. p. 568. n. 10 (17741. 



Menelaides polydorus, Ilitbner, i'erz. bek. Schniell. p. 84. n. Hi\K (1H1(>) {p.p.) : id., Samml. Exot. 

 Sehmett. U. t. 102. f. 3. 4 (1816-24). 



Fapilio polydorus vat., Boisduval, Spec. Gen. Lep. I. p. 267. sub n 90 (1836) (Moluccas). 



Mehniides polydorus, id.. I.e. {183(i). 



Papilio leobotea De Haan, Verb.. Nat. Gesch. Ned. orerz. bez. p. .'18. t. 6. f. 3 (1840) (Moluccas). 



The variation of this species according to locaUty is not very conspicuous, hut 

 still important enough to justify a separation of poh/dorus into a number of geo- 

 graphical races, of which that inhabiting the Southern Moluccas is the typical one 

 described by Linne. It has not yet been observed that several of these races have 

 black heads and necks, while others have these parts red ; the extent of the red on 

 the abdomen is also different in several subspecies, and so is the size and form of the 

 white spots on the hindwings ; such differences are, however, not of specific value, as 

 there exist intergradations of every kind. I distinguish eight subspecies, to which 

 probabl}- will come a ninth, from VVoodlark Island : - 



('') : P. jioh/rlorus L. from the Southern JNIoluccas ; 



(b) : F. poli/dorii.s thesfialia Swinh. from the Key and Aru Islands ; 



(c) : P. polyilorus tenimberensin subsp. nov. from the Tenimber Islands ; 

 (cl) : P. polydm-tis queenslandicw) subsp. nov. from Queensland ; 



(e) : P. pulydoms septentrionalis subsp. nov. from Ilalmahera ; 



(/) : P. polydorus tjodartieinv.'i Luc. from Jlysol, Salwatty, Waigeu, New (iuiuea, 



D'Entrecasteaux Islands; 

 (g) : P. polydorus novolyritannicrm sub.sp. nov. from the Bismarck Archipelago ; 

 Qi) : P. polydoi~u8 polydaemon Math, from the Solomon Islands. 

 In polydorus, Ihessalta, teniynherensis, and queenslandicus the front of the head 

 and t he sides of the breast are more or less red ; in the other four forms they are black. 



((I) : P. polydorus I.., forma typ. [c?,?]. • 

 'I'he forewings liave always a wljilc patch beyond the cell on either side. The 

 hindwings are produced into a rather prominent tooth at the end of the upper median 

 vein; the submarginal red spots are all visible above, though much shaded with 



