( 439 ) 

 102. Papilio gelon Boisd. [c?,?]. 



Pap'iUo qrhm Boisduval, Jlull. S„c. Enl. Fr. p. I:j.') (1859) (N. Caledonia) ; FeU., Verh. z. b. Gra. 

 Wien p. ?,0h. n. 219 (18G4) : Butler, 1^. Z. .S. p. 290. n. 99 (1874) ; id., Aw,. Mag. X H. (4). 

 XX. p. 3513. n. 28 (1877) (Lifu I.) ; Obcrth., Et. cVEnl. IV. p. 59, n. 14.5 (1879) ; Lncas, Bull. 

 Soc. E. Fr. p. 50 ( ? ) (1883) ; Rothsch., Tr. Ent. Soc. Li.ml. p. 141. t. 6 (1892) (vars.). 



This is so variable a species that scarcelj' two specimens are identical. P. mer/a- 

 sthenes Math, is ba.sed on an example which has tlie median band of the wings very 

 broad, and is merely one of the numerous individual aberrations of P. gelon. 



(a-) : ab. inef/asthenes ]\latli. 

 5 . Piipilio mcgasthriKs JIathew, Tr. Eiil. Sue. Linid. p. 314 (1889) (Noumea, New Caledonia). 

 Hah. Loyalty Islands (Lifu Island: 16 (J, 12 ?) ; New Caledonia. 



193. Papilio isander tiodm. & Salv. [c?,?]. 



FtqiiVo /milder, Godman & Salviii, Ann. Mmj. N. II. (0). I. p. 211 (1888) (Aola, Guadalcanar I.) ; 

 Grose Smith & Kirby, lilmi,. Exnt. I. /"»;,. p. 13. t. 6. f. 3 (1888). 



Differs from all the race.s of P. sarpedon in having a series of green submarginal 

 spots on the forewings. 



A specimen in JNIr. Crowley's collection has a green spot in the apex of the cell 

 of the forewings. 



Bab. i^olomon Islands: Guadalcanar (5 cJ, 1 ?), Isabel (1 ?), Shortland Islands 

 (1 c?, 1 ¥), Bougainville (1 <S). 



My single specimen from Isaliel Island has only three green submarginal spots 

 to tlie upperside of the forewings, and two more whitish, rather feebly marked 

 lunules. A specimen from tlie Shortland Islands (collected by C. Ribbe) has also 

 only iive submarginal markings, while the individuals from Guadalcanar which I 

 have compared, and a male from Bougainville Island and a female from the 

 Shortland Islands, have five or sis green submarginal spots. 



In the Bougainville and Shortland examples the anterior spots of the di.scal 

 macular band are slightly smaller than in the specimens from (niadalcanar and in 

 that from Isabel, otherwise they are not different. 



If we take into consideration, firstly, that in various races of P. sarpedon L. the 

 forewings are provided on the underside with a series of submarginal, more or le.ss 

 clearly marked, spots; secondly, that these spots often appear on the upperside, 

 where they, however, are never devoid of scales and therefore not green ; thii'iily, 

 that the additional postcostal spot as well as the uppermost green submarginal spot 

 appear in P. sarpedon imparilia m. (Bismarck Archipelago), and the latter also in 

 P. sarpedon irapar mihi ; and, fourthly, that in some specimens of isander the 

 number of green submarginal spots is reduced to three; it becomes rather more thau 

 probable that Papilio isander is also a form of P. sarpedon; the only link of the 

 chain which is still wanting is a specimen with two submarginal green sjiots. This 

 link certainly will turn up one day ; but as I base my work on facts, not on supposition, 

 I must treat P. isander as a species, not as a subspecies. 



This Papilio is of great importance as regards the di\ision of the green I'apilios 

 into genera ; it shows that P. sarpedon and P. eurypyius with its various allies 

 cannot be separated generically, and that therefore the "genus" Chloi'isses Swains. 

 (sj-n.: Z)«/c^(7!a Moore) must sink a.s a synonym of Zefi'des Hiilm. We learn here 

 again that the division of the Papilionidac into genera must be based u]>on all the 

 species of the world, and that naturally many mi.stakes occur, if one bases the division 



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