PLANTS EVERGREEN, or With Winter-Persistent 



Leaves 



Leaves scale-, awl-, or needlelike. 



2. Plants producing berrylike cones requiring 2 years to mature, 

 often with strongly aromatic or resinous odor and taste; "berry "- 

 and pollen-producing flowers usually on separate plants; trees 

 or prostrate, high-altitude shrubs. Junipers (Juniperus spp.). 

 3. Leaves mostly scalelike, overlapping, close-pressed to twigs 

 (leaves on young twigs sometimes awllike and slightly spread- 

 ing) ; winter buds without bud scales (naked) ; trees, or in un- 

 favorable sites sometimes shrubby. 



4. Twigs round in cross section, rather stout, reddish, paper- 

 scaly; leaves in whorls of 3, resin-dotted, gray green; ripe 

 "berries" blue black with a whitish "bloom"; trunk bark 

 cinnamon brown, long- and flat -ridged and widely and 

 shallowly furrowed, stringy; trees, usually 15-30 (rarely 

 over 60)' feet high; e. slopesof Cascades, Oreg., Wash., often 

 growing with sagebrush, commonest juniper of mountain 

 areas of e. Oreg., rather rare in e. Wash., occasional in 

 Snake and Grande Ronde River valleys, se. Wash.; type 

 locality, "Common on the higher parts of the Columbia at 

 the base of the Rocky Mountains." 



western (or Sierra) juniper (Juniperus occidentalis). 

 4. Twigs flattened, slender, brownish; leaves opposite, each 

 pair at right angles to pair next above or below (decussate), 

 gland-pitted, dark green, often with a whitish "bloom"; 

 ripe "berries" bright blue with a whitish "bloom"; trunk 

 bark reddish brown, with a network of low, narrow ridges 

 and furrows, shreddy; trees (or sometimes shrubby), often 

 15-20 feet high, or sometimes more than 45 feet high in 

 favorable sites; Wallowa Mts., ne. Oreg., near Spokane, 

 e. Wash. 



Rocky-Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum). 

 3. Leaves all awllike, spreading, chalky- white on upper surface, 

 dark green on lower surface, in whorls of 3; winter buds scaly; 

 "berries" bright blue, with a whitish "bloom"; prostrate 

 shrubs with stout branches; dry slopes, at higher altitudes, 

 Cascades, Oreg., Wash. 



mountain common juniper (Juniperus communis var. 



saxatilis). 



Western juniper 



1(>8 



Rocky-Mountain juniper 



F-484KW 



Mountain common juniper 



