34 HANDBOOK 148, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



22. Under leaf surface whitened (glaucous) and 

 thinly to densely white- (or rusty-) hairy; leaves 

 thick, prominently net- veiny; stipules, when pres- 

 ent, to )'-i inch long, somewhat egg- or kidney- 

 shaped in outline; twigs stout, widely spreading to 

 ascending; catkins appearing before leaves (some- 

 times called Christmas willow because of very 

 early blooming), to 3 inches long and nearly 1 inch 

 wide, stalkless or nearly so; seed pods (capsules) 

 gray-woolly-hairy, beaked; freshly crushed new 

 bark and leaves often with strong, unpleasant 

 odor; shrubs or small trees (to nearly 50 feet high 

 in best sites); often first shrubs to come in after 

 fire (sometimes called fire willow) ; commonest 

 upland willow, e. Oreg., e. Wash., from low to 

 high elevations; type locality along Columbia 

 River Scouler willow (Salix scouleriana) . 



22. Under leaf-surface not as above, with satiny 

 sheen, usually densely silky-hairy; leaves thin, 

 with parallel veins upcurving near margins; stip- 

 ules none or small and broadly lance-shaped; twigs 

 slender, long, straight, ascending; catkins appear- 

 ing before or with the leaves, to 3% inches long 

 and y 2 inch wide; seed pods (capsules) silky-hairy; 

 usually shrubs, to 23 feet high; valleys at lower 

 elevations, mountain areas of e. Oreg., e. Wash, 

 (commoner w. of Cascades). 



Sitka willow (Salix sitchensis). 

 21. Leaves narrowly and reversely lance-shaped (bo- 

 lanceolate) or oblong and narrowed at base; stipules 

 lacking or small and only on vigorous shoots; catkins 

 appearing before the leaves, stalkless or nearly so. 



23. Under leaf-surface silvery-silky-hairy, sometimes 

 becoming hairless and whitened (glaucous) with 

 age; leaves to 3 (or 4) inches long and 1 inch wide, 

 pointed or tapering at tip; twigs slender, dark, 

 with a dense whitish "bloom" (pruinose) easily 

 rubbed or washed off (twig then becoming shiny) ; 

 catkins to \)i inches long, often with a few leafy 

 bracts at base; seed pods silky-hairy, almost stalk- 

 less; flower scales thinly long-hairy; anthers some- 

 times a striking red before shedding their pollen; 

 shrubs to nearly 10 feet high; wet meadows or 

 along streams, higher elevations, e. Oreg., e. 

 Wash.; type locality, near head of Eagle Creek in 

 Powder Alts., Wallowa Co., ne. Oreg. 



blue willow (Salix drummondiana var. 

 subcoerulea). 7 



7 Beautiful willow (Salix drummondiana var. bella, syn. S. bella) is similar to 

 blue willow, but has stouter, yellowish, finely hairy to hairless twigs with only a 

 faint whitish "bloom" (slightly pruinose) soon rubbing or washing off. Its leaves 

 are narrower and relatively longer, with prominent yellow midrib and whitish, 

 matted hairs on under surface; the seed pods (capsules) are grayish-silky-hairy; 

 the catkins appear before the leaves; stipules are often present; shrubs to 13 feet 

 high, at lower elevations, along streams, e. Oreg., e. Wash.; type locality, about 

 6 miles east of Pullman, near Garrison, Whitman Co., Wash. 



