88 



HANDBOOK 14 8, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



11. Stems erect or arching, much-branched; raspberries and 

 salmonberries hollow, cap- or thimble-shaped, falling free 

 when ripe. 

 12. Leaflets hairy, at least on under surface. 



13. Leaflets sparsely to densely gray-hairy on under 

 surface, usually long-tapered at tips; stems suckering 

 or with runners but not rooting at tips; new canes with 

 slight, whitish "bloom" (glaucous) ; old cane bark 

 flaking, peeling; bristles spreading; tack-shaped glands 

 present; coarse prickles lacking; raspberries red or 

 whitish, dry, crumbly when ripe; moist to rather dry 

 sites, open woods, e. Oreg., e. Wash. 



American red raspberry (Rubus strigosus). 18 

 13. Leaflets densely white- woolly on under surface; stems 

 clustered, over-arching, rooting at tips; new canes 

 with heavy white- waxy "bloom" (glaucous); straight 

 or hooked prickles on stems, leafstalks, midribs, 

 flower stalks; tack-shaped glands lacking; raspberries 

 grayish-downy, yellow to red or purplish black, firm, 

 juicy; moist sites, open woods, e. Oreg., e. Wash.; 

 type locality, Oregon. 



whitebark raspberry (Rubus leucodermis). 

 12. Leaflets hairless, green on both surfaces; stems with 

 slight whitish "bloom" soon rubbed or washed off 

 (pruinose) and then brown and shiny; prickles broad- 

 based, straight or hooked, on stems, leafstalks, midribs, 

 flower stalks; fine, gland-tipped hairs often on sepals; 

 raspberries black, without a whitish "bloom"; lower 

 altitudes, creek banks, ledges, ne. Oreg., se. Wash.; type 

 locality, Snake River Canyon at Wawawai and Almota, 

 Whitman Co., Wash. 

 northwestern blackcap raspberry (Rubus nigerrimus). 

 10. Stems (canes) woody, small-pithy, perennial, branched, erect 

 or somewhat arching, from spreading underground stems; 

 older bark loosely shredding; prickles few and weak or lack- 

 ing; leaflets usually 3 and hairless on both surfaces, often 



This is not the cultivated red raspberry. 



F-4(140tit 



American red raspberry 



