96 HANDBOOK 148, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



like on the unbranched flowering shoots; leaf margins 

 coarsely, unevenly, sharply toothed; flowers yellowish, with 

 violet lines in throat, glandular inside and out (often dust- 

 collecting), tubular, unevenly 5-lobed (upper lip shorter), 

 to y 2 inch long; stamens 5: 4 with purple-black anthers, 1 

 without anthers and usually hairless; anther sacs splitting 

 wide open in an almost straight line; seed pods (capsules) 

 cartilaginous, }{ inch long, egg-shaped, pointed at tip, split- 

 ting downward into 2 parts, persistent; seeds tiny, numerous, 

 honeycomb-pitted under a lens; dry sites, basaltic soils or 

 lava-rock cracks, e. Oreg., e. Wash. 

 scorched (or hot-rock) penstemon {Penstemon deustus). 



11. Plants tall (to 12 or 15 feet high), straggling shrubs; branches 

 slender, greenish, 4-angled; leaves thin, to 4 inches long, 

 lance- to egg-shaped or oblong, sharp- to taper-pointed at 

 tip, short-stalked; margins finely saw-toothed; flowers 1 

 to several, on long, slender, drooping flower stalks, with 

 spreading, brownish purple petals and a dark red, fleshy disk; 

 seed pods (capsules) deeply 3- to 5-lobed, smooth or warty, 

 splitting along middle back of each lobe; seeds usually 2 to 

 each lobe, each covered by a fleshy red outgrowth (aril) ; 

 along wooded streams, e. slopes Cascades, Oreg., Wash, 

 (type locality, Oreg.) 



western wahoo or burningbush {Euonymus occidentalis). 

 10. Margins entire or nearly so. 



12. Leaves with 3 (rarely 5) major veins from leaf base, lance- 

 to egg-shaped, somewhat hairy on margins and veins; tall 

 shrubs with up-curving branches; bark checking, finally 

 flaking off; flowers numerous, conspicuous, white, very fra- 

 grant; seed pods (capsules) top-shaped, partly enclosed in 

 calyx-tube, 4- to 5-celled, splitting down middle back of each 

 cell, persistent; very common, moist sites along roads or in 

 open woods, e. Oreg., e. Wash. 



Lewis mockorange (Philadelphus lewisii). 

 12. Leaves with single major vein (midrib). 



13. Twigs, under leaf-surfaces brown-scurfy with silver- 

 fringed scales; flower buds clustered in leaf axils or at 

 old-wood joints, formed in summer, not opening until 

 following spring; male and female flowers on separate 

 plants; fruits berrylike, reddish; shrubs much-branched, 

 to 6 feet high; open woods, middle altitudes, Blue Mts., 

 ne. Oreg., rare in e. Wash. 



russet buifaloberry {Shepherdia canadensis). 

 13. Twigs, under leaf-surfaces not brown-scurfy. 



14. Plants vines; stems coiling or twining; upper leafpair 

 bases fused, at least uppermost pair like a single leaf 

 through which stem has grown; leaves green above, 

 with whitish "bloom" beneath, hairy only along mar- 

 gins; flowers large, orange, trumpet-shaped, clustered 

 at stem ends or in upper leaf axils; berries red; high- 

 climbing, often over trees; open moist woods, e. slopes 

 of Cascades, Wallowa and Blue Mts. 



western trumpet honeysuckle (Lonicera ciliosa). 



