132 HANDBOOK 14 8. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



1). Leaves (at least a few) winter-persistent, entire- 

 margined; seed-pod clusters to 6 inches long, 4 

 inches wide; leaf scars present on lower part of 

 the 3- to 5-inch long stalk (peduncle) bearing the 

 seed-pod clusters; side buds erect or nearly so, 

 stalkless or short -stalked, slender; outer bud scales 

 lance-shaped ; twigs and branches greenish, tan or 

 reddish brown, slender, often slightly drooping, 

 usually hairy; loosely branched shrubs 3-12 feet 

 high; rare e. of Cascades; along roads near Colum- 

 bia River, Klickitat Co., Wash., Hood River Co., 

 Oreg. 



deerbrush ceanothus (Ceanothus integerrimus). 

 9. Leaves not winter-persistent; seed-pod clusters 

 2-4 inches long, on 2- to 3-inch long stalks (pedun- 

 cles) that have no leaf scars; side buds at an angle, 

 often stalked, mostly globe-shaped ; outer bud scales 

 broad, rounded or somewhat pointed at tips; twig's 

 and branches reddish purple, rather stout but flex- 

 ible, hairless or nearly so; erect shrubs to 10 feet 

 high; along streams, in thickets, in open woods or 

 on burns or sunny hillsides; e. lower slopes, Cas- 

 cades, Wallowa and Blue Mts., e. Oreg., e. Wash. 

 redstem ceanothus (Ceanothus sanguineus) . 

 6. Fruits berrylike, winter-persistent, clustered. 



10. "Berries" red (sometimes orange or scarlet); bark 

 usually dotted with pale pores (lenticels). 

 11. "Berries" (drupes) sticky, red-glandular-hairy, each 

 bearing single, bony seed; true end buds lacking; 

 sap resinous, thin-milky, soon hardening and black- 

 ening after exposure to air, not poisonous; stipules, 

 stipule scars lacking. 



skunkbush and smooth sumacs. 

 12. Flower buds conspicuously scaly, catkinlike, in 

 mostly compound spikes at (or near) twig tips; 

 leafy-shoot buds without bud scales, tiny, hairy, 

 each borne singly and almost hidden between 

 twig and persistent stump of leafstalk base; leaf 

 scar at tip of leafstalk stump, nearly circular, 

 covered with dried resinous sap which makes the 

 7 or 8 bundle traces hard to see; "berries" with 

 mixed red-glandular and clear whitish (hyaline) 

 hairs, in small, elongate clusters near twig tips; 

 slenderly much-branched shrubs to 4 or 5 feet 

 high, flowering before leaves appear, with un- 

 pleasant aromatic odor when crushed; dry hills, 

 se. Oreg., not reported from Wash. 



skunkbush (or lemonade) sumac 

 (Rhus trilobata). 

 12. Flower buds, leafy-shoot buds not as above; leaf 

 scars large, somewhat C-shaped, nearly encircling 

 the small, roundish, hairy buds which lack bud 

 scales; bundle traces easy to see, several, often 

 in 3 groups of 3 each; "berries" with mixed red- 



