96 THE FUNGI IMPERFECTI AND THE ASCOMYCETES 



Suborder Arthrosporineae, reproducing by arthrospores. This group includes 

 such forms as Geotrichum candidum and, according to the later rearrange- 

 ment, the actinomycetes. It comprises two families. 

 Family Mycodermaceae, with "normal" septate mycelium. 

 Family Nocardiaceae, with "non-septate" mycelium, very fine, of bacterial 

 dimensions (the actinomycetes). 

 Order Hemisporales, reproducing by hemispores. This order contains but one 



unimportant genus, Hemispora. 

 Order Conidiosporales, reproducing by conidia. 

 Suborder Aleuriosporineae , reproducing by imperfect conidia or aleuriospores. 



The ringworm fungi would belong here according to Ota and Langeron. 

 Suborder Sporotrichineae, reproducing by true conidia, which are not inter- 

 preted as being borne upon conidiophores, as in Sporotrichum. 

 Suborder Sporophorincae, reproducing by true conidia borne upon true 

 conidiophores. This group would contain most of the common molds of 

 the Fungi Imperfecti, save those of the next suborder. 

 Suborder Phialidineae, reproducing by true conidia borne upon phialides (cfr 

 sterigmata), including Aspergillus and Penicillium. 



Saccardo's Classification. Saccardo's arrangement makes a pri- 

 mary subdivision into three orders upon the following basis: Certain 

 of the fungi parasitic on plants form conidiophores within a globular 

 mass of protecting mycelium, called a pycnidium, from which conidia 

 are discharged when mature through an opening on the surface of the 

 plant tissue; these forms are placed together in an order known as 

 the Sphaeropsidales. Other plant pathogens produce conidiophores 

 closely packed together, from the surface of a fiat, plate-like mass of 

 pseudoparenchyma on the surface of the host plant, known as an 

 acervulus; such species comprise the order Melanconiales. The third 

 order, the Moniliales (frequently called Hyphomycetales), contains 

 the remaining forms, whose conidiophores are produced neither in 

 pycnidia nor upon acervuli, but are formed from superficial hyphae 

 over the entire surface of the fungus colony. Those molds of interest 

 to the bacteriologist will, of course, all be found in this last order. 



The Moniliales are further subdivided into groups which have in 

 some works been given the rank of families, in others of suborders. 

 Two of these are based upon a characteristic grouping or bunching 

 of the conidiophores. In the Stilbaceae the conidiophores are clus- 

 tered to form characteristic stalked bodies of cylindrical form, the 

 coremia. In the Tuberculariaceae the clusters of conidiophores form 

 globose bodies witho«t stalks, the sporodochia. Neither of these 

 families contains species important to the bacteriologist, save that 

 coremium-forming Penicillia have sometimes been included with the 

 Stilbaceae and the important genus Fusarium is usually included 

 with the Tuberculariaceae, 



