214 INFECTIONS CAUSED BY MOLDS 



injury. The specific agents of mycetoma are to some extent geo- 

 graphically limited. Thus, Nocardia madurae is more common in 

 southeastern Asia and the Pacific islands. N. mexicana is seen in 

 southern United States and Mexico. The other etiological fungi, 

 except for a few rare or poorly known species, seem to have a wider 

 distribution. 



Habitat. The fungi of mycetoma are not transmitted from per- 

 son to person but are obviously related to trauma in most cases. It 

 is assumed that the fungi ordinarily grow in soil or on dead vegeta- 

 tion and become pathogenic only when introduced by accident into 

 the subcutaneous tissues. 



LITERATURE 



1. Brumpt, E., Les mycetomes, Arch. Parasitol., 10, 489 (1906). 



2. Carter, H. V., On "Mycetoma" or the fungus-like disease of India, Trans. 



Med. Phys. Soc. Bombay, 7, 206 (1862). 



3. Carrion, A. L., and J. Knott, Mycetoma by M onosporium apiospermum in 



St. Croix, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico J. Pub. Health Trop. Med., 20, 84 

 (1944). 



4. Chalmers, A. J., and R. G. Archibald, A Sudanese maduromycosis, Ann. 



Trop. Med. Paras., 10, 169 (1916). 



5. Emmons, C. W., Allescheria Boydii and Monosporium apiospermum, My- 



cologia, 36, 188 (1944). 



6. , Phialophora Jeanselmei comb. n. from mycetoma of the hand. Arch. 



Path., 39, 364 (1945). 



7. Gammel, J. A., The etiology of maduromycosis. Arch. Dermatol. Syphilol. 



(Chicago), 15, 2il (1927). 



8. PiNOY, E., Actinomycoses et mycetomes. Bull. inst. Pasteur, 11, 929, 977 



(1913). 



9. Symmers, D., and A. Sporer, Maduromycosis of the hand. Arch. Path., 37, 



309 (1944). 



