224 



BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF MOLDS 



COOH 

 CH2 

 HCCOOH 

 CH2 

 COOH 



-H2 

 — > 



+H20 



in addition to citric and oxalic acids. Bernhauer ^ in 1924 noted that 

 a strain of A. niger produced gluconic acid in the presence of calcium 

 carbonate. He found that contrary to what was found in the citric 

 acid fermentation (where relatively high temperatures, abundant 

 supplies of nitrogen, and heavy mats are desirable) gluconic acid 

 fermentation was favored by low temperatures, low supplies of nitro- 

 gen, and thin mat productions. Men of the Northern Regional Re- 



