132 



ANIMALS OF LAND AND SEA 



and most squirrels, very often have great outgrowths of long 

 hairs which serve as brakes and serve to minimize the shock 

 of landing. The so-called flying-monkey of the upper Amazons 



looks when it leaps 

 much like a flying 

 squirrel, but it has 

 no extended mem- 

 branes on its sides, 

 great tufts of long 

 hair simulating 

 these. 



The cobras when 

 they strike raise 

 themselves high 

 above the ground on 

 the tail and hinder 

 portion of the body, 

 and then fall for- 

 ward. They do not 

 shoot the head out 

 suddenly as do our 

 rattle-snakes. As 

 they fall forward 

 their broad hood 

 acts as a wind brake 

 and delays the body 

 so that the danger 

 from the fall is min- 

 imized. In the frilled 

 lizard of Australia, 

 which runs very 

 rapidly on its hind 

 legs with the body more or less erect, the frills act as an air 

 brake in the same way. 



We have now considered all the flying animals that live on 

 land; but in addition there are some that live in water. 



Figs. 313-321. Various Flies. 

 For explanations of the figures sc?e p. xxi. 



