I'KNK'Il.I.irM Cl.AVIloKMi:. 



43 



■ 



This species has not been found commonly in America, bul it has 

 been many times observed and recognized as a contamination of 

 other cultures in this laboratory since its introduction. Its identi- 

 fication is therefore easy. 



CULTURAL DATA. 



Color, bruiting areas olive to clear deep green, often brown when old; reverse, from 

 colorless to yellow and shades of red, according to medium; color in media, none in 

 media free from sugar, in sugar yellow at first, then slowly red (color acts as an indi- 

 cator acid when yellow, alkaline when red). 



Odor, rather strong in Haulm's fluid, none in most cultures. 



Fifteen percent gelatin in water, medium growth; Liquefaction, none in 15 days, 

 then alow in acidified cultures especially; litmus reaction, neutral slowly or weakly 

 alkaline. Potato and bean agar, green fruiting surfaces consisting of very short 

 crowded conidiophores slightly 

 tuberculate at times, bul no co- 

 remia. Potato plugs, abundant 

 coremia, deep green, reverse and 

 potato yellowish. Uaulin's fluid, 



g I growth, many coremia, some 



odor. Cohn's solution, germina- 

 tion only. 



Synthetic fluid (Dox's), carbon 

 supplied as: Cane sugar 3 percent, 

 rich growth, coremia, poor colonies 

 at 30 per cent and (iO per cent. 

 Lactose 3 per cent, very weak 

 growth, tew very small coremia. 

 Lactic acid 0.9 per cent, good 

 growth, typical, coremia many, 

 remains acid. Levulose '■'> per 



cent, weak colonies. Galactose 



3 per cent, poorgrowth. Glycerin FlG w.—PenidHium daviforme Balnler: a, coremlum grown 



:'. per cent, germination and slow, upon sugar media, showing branching stali with several 



weak colonies Alcohol some small heads (if conidia; 6, coremium grown upon gelatin 



,. -,-, , , . , free from sugar, showing typical unbranched stalk with a 



growth. Potato starch, rich . , ... ,.,, . . . 



6 ' single conidial mass splitting as it increases in size into 



growth, coremia, reverse and fluid several columns composed of chains of conidia. (For full 

 yellowish Butterfat, slow but illustration of the structure of this species, see Bainier's 



typical coremiform colony, fluid figures.) 

 yellow 'acid reaction). 



Milk, typical coremiform colonies; curdling (0.25 per cent calcium chlorid added) 

 in 9 days; digestion slow; color, becoming yellow (acid) and later red (alkaline) in 

 very old culture.-. 



At 37°C. no growth; check grew at 20° C. 



PENICILLIUM CLAVLFORME Bainier. 



Bulletin Trimestriel de la Soctete 1 Mycologique de France, Tome XXI, 1905, p. 127, 

 PI. XI, figs. 8-11; Saccardo, Sylloge Fungorum, Vol. XVIII, p. 520. 



Colonies on milk-sugar gelatin and potato agar, white or gray, with surface com- 

 piled of loosely (loccose liypha', bearing simple but definitely penicillate fructifica- 

 tions, between the bases of white or yellowish simple or variously branched coremia 

 1-2 cm. long, fertile only at the apices. Simple fructifications sparingly branched, 

 hearing small verticils of conidiiferous cells 9-10 by 2/<. Coremia! fructifications 

 consisting of closely branching and interwoven hyphse, producing vert icilsof conidiifer- 



