60 CULTURAL STUDIES OF SPECIES OF PENICILLIUM. 



great apparent differences in parallel culture in some specialized 

 media. It seems preferable to let this name stand in a broad enough 

 sense to include the forms having the common characters above 

 noted than to attempt any narrower delimitation of this group of 

 forms at this time. 



Serial No. 57. — Another form which may be included temporarily 

 with this group does not produce a yellow color in the substratum 

 at all, but produces mycelium of orange color as seen from below. 

 The surface growth is clear green without definite differences from 

 the clirysogenum group, but the orange color in reverse remains as 

 a constant difference from that group, unattended by any coloration 

 of the medium. 



CULTURAL DATA. 



(Cf. Nos. 25, 35, and 44 in tables.) 



Color gray -green, green, to brown when old; reverse colorless, or slight yellowish. 



Color in media golden yellow in certain media, no color in others. 



Odor, none. 



Fifteen per cent gelatin in water, good growth, yellow color in gelatin; lique- 

 faction rapid — 6-10 days, more or less rapid and complete in all gelatin media used; 

 litmus reaction, alkaline. Potato agar and bean agar, good colonies, but no yellow 

 color. Potato plugs, typical, potato becoming yellow. Raulin's fluid, typical with 

 yellow transpired drops, but no yellow in fluid. Cohn's solution, growth, but not 

 normal. 



Synthetic fluid (Dox's), carbon supplied as: Cane sugar, good growth up to 30 per 

 cent, reaction acid, fluid colorless. Lactose 3 per cent, fair growth, not heavy, fluid 

 yellow, with acid reaction. Lactic acid 0.9 per cent, some growth. Galactose 3 

 per cent, good growth. Glycerin 3 per cent, colony white to green, no yellow color 

 in fluid. Potato starch 3 per cent, good growth, yellow drops above, yellow in fluid. 

 Butter fat, rich growth, with fluid golden yellow. 



Milk, rich growth ; curdling (0.25 per cent calcium chlorid added) in 1 week ; digestion 

 rapid ; color yellow. 



PENICILLIUM RUGULOSUM n. sp. 



Latin diagnosis.— Coloniis in gelatina vel agaro phaseoli cultis, flavo-viridibus, dein 

 viridibus, demum atro-viridibus, late crescentibus in agaro; parte aeria ex conidioph- 

 oris creberrimis et hyphis aereis et paucis composita ; reverso luteo et in parte aurantiaco 

 imprimis in tubere Solani; conidiophoris 100-200 X 2. 5-3/t, singulatim vel ex hyphis 

 aereis prope substratum orientibus; fructibus conidicis 100-150/( longis (in saccharo 

 niultolongioribus) exramisl0-15x2.5 / u, compacte verticillatis, verticillos basidiorum, 

 vel ramulorum, vel ramulorum et basidiorum eodem verticillo gerentibus; basidiis 

 9-12X2/*, acuminatis, catenas longas et divergentes conidiorum gerentibus; conidiis 

 3.4-3. 8X-2.5-3,«, ellipticis, viridibus, uno apice incrassato, verruculosis maturis, in 

 catenis manentibus submersis, 5/t diam. incrassatis germinantibus; coloniis non (vel 

 solum in parte et lente) gelatinam liquefacientibus. 



Commune in culturis, Storrs, Conn. 



Cultivated in gelatin or bean agar, yellowish green, then green, at length dark green; 

 surface growth of densely crowded conidiophores with few aerial hyphse interspersed 

 at their bases; reverse of colonies yellow to orange in spots, especially upon potato 

 or upon sugar media; substratum not or slightly yellowed; conidiophores 100-200 

 by 2.5-3/(, arising separately or branching from aerial hyphse just above the substratum; 

 conidial fructifications 100-1 50/i in length, consisting of appressed, verticillate branches 



