THE AGRICULTURAL NEWS. 



The Inepficiency of , 

 Carbolic Fluids a. 

 Tick Destroyers 



OATTL> VMM 



: or C«al Tur FTbM Preparatiooi are largely used in the West Indies and Central America for treaties tick-infeated 

 it is dadrmble that it should be known that such preparations possess only a very low ilegree of tick-ldirmg power. 



WWb PrWaaaar Nvwttead paid a special visit to Jamaica to investigate the Tick Problem, the efficiency of a number of the 



popular of these Carbolic Fluids was carefully tested, with the result that 



Um number of ticks killed was never more than 65 and in some cases as low as S> 



T\e IcpBowiof refereoce ip ih« jamaio test* referred lo above is taken 

 inm a Paper by the Hon. H. H. Coump!. M.A.. F.C.S . Director of 

 AmeBbwe in Jamaica, eolitled " Practical Measures for ilie Prevenlioa 

 c4 licks la Jasaica ": — 



** Profeiaor Newslead. aiKJ the Jamaica DeparlmenI of Agri- 

 " csliure. carefully tested i!ic efficacy of all the dip washes oflered 

 " lor rale lo Jamaica, and it wa* found that ihc bulk of these 

 "remedies were Carbolic or Coal-Tar Emulsions. 



" We found, however, that these pr<.pjra ions had not a high 

 " >lar>darJ of Welling Pover.' and tended to 'bead off' the 

 " ticks on the skin ol the animal, much as plain water bcad^ ofi 

 " a duck*! back. 



" Afair. we found thi' none of these preparation* would 

 " kill ticks unless used at a strength that was very liable 

 " lo strip the skin of ihe cows under treatment, and in 

 "no case d I i«e cbtain a high efficiency of tick 

 "deatruclion. ' 



These iidtementi ha%e been confirmed by many investigators is 

 difie^eni Ccuntrie*. as will be «cn. for example, from the following 

 eztraci from L'niled Slater Deparimcnl of Agriculture Bulletin 144, in 

 yiiuch are gi>en full particulars of a large number of tests, the result of 

 which wai lo \ho* ihut arsenical preparations alone are really 

 WTicienf and satisfactory lick-destroyer* : — 



" Elver since the fact that the lick i< the agent of transmission 

 " of Tetat Fever was established, investigations have been carried 

 " on for the |>urpo^c of discovering 'ome subsl-ince which, when 

 "spl'lied eiiernti'y to the bodie> of tick. infested cattle, would free 

 " them from lick* without in)ury to the animals themselves. Several 

 "remedies which give good results jn the case of such external 

 " parasite* as mange mites and lice are of little or no use in the case 

 " oi lickt. For example. Lime & Sulphur, tobacco, and carbolic 

 "or coal lar dips have been found lo have no practical 

 ** value in the destruction of ticks." 



The same conclusion was arrived at a* the rcsoll of similar tcsll 

 carried out ai the Central Agricultural Station in Cuba. The lollowi^ 

 il a qaotslmn from Bulletin 8, entitled "Texas Fever and The Caltla 

 Ti*:"- 



"Cattle Tick* upon animal* arc very difficult to destroy, but 

 ■^ " we have been making a careful icarch for soiDe cheap and 

 "eftocoi rersedy for them. 



COOPER'S CATTLE TICK DIP. 



J^as rt^tiud the official ^pfrinalnjlhc Jo/imvtii^ Count rUs: 

 UriM of South tfriu, Notihern Rhodesiii, Braiil, Basutoland, 



Nf&Mland, Swaiiland, Southern Rhodesia, Madagascar, 



Intnh Eait Africa, German E«1 Hfnca, Portuguese East Africa. 



PtrtMgMM West Africa, Egypt, Argentine Republic, Queensland, 



United Stales o' America, New So«lh Wain 



Northern Territory oi' Australia. 



Maijufacturers: WILLIAN COOPER 



BRANCHES. Ttronto, Ch ugo, Sydney, Mf'boiir'if, Auckl 



" Creoline and other carbolic and coal-tar product* 

 "were tried, mir.ed with water, and also with alcohol, in 2, 3, 4, 

 " and 5 per cent, solutions. 



" The stronger applications will kill some ticks, but 

 "not enough to warrant their use, as the skin of the 

 " animals is irritated by tbem.*' 



The continued use in the West Indies of ineffective Carbolic Prepar- 

 ations for the destruction of licks is no doubt due to the fact that moil' 

 Owner; of Cattle look upon licks as a pest that will always exist whatever 

 is done, and regard the struggle against them as a hopeless, ne' er-ending 

 one. They are consequently more or less satisfied so long as the number 

 of licks on their cattle is kept within reasonable bounds, and are reconciled 

 lo the belief that, so long as they have cattle, so long will they have lo 

 keep on treating them at intervals for ticks. They do not realize ihal it ii 

 perfectly possible to eradicate licks completely from a property 

 within a period of two or three years. 



To gel rid of ticks completely, once for all, it is only necessary lo 

 treat the cattle regularly with some properly prepared arsenical prepar- 

 ation, for it is now generally recognised thai arsenical fluids alone can 

 be relied on to kill every lick with which they come into conUtct. 



To employ a Carbolic preparation which will not kill more ikan 

 60% of the Ticks is merely IriRing with ihe Tick Problem, lor the 

 multiplication of ticks takes place with amazing rapidity. One ainglg 

 adult female tick has been known lo lay 5,000 eggs. But if we lake 

 2,S00 as the average number, and assuming that all these 2,500 eggs 

 matured, and that one half were females, the following figures show ika 

 Dumber of ticks that might l>e produced in one year by a single tick^— 



111 Generation ... 2,500 



2iid Generation 3.125,000 



3rd Generation ... ... 3.906,250,000 



4th Generation 4,882,812.500.000 



5ih CeneraUon ... 6,103.515.625.000.000 



Total progeny from 1 tick in I year ... 6,108,402,346,877,500 



TWat h(«rci ahcw tk< importssc* ol asias Prcparatiattt wkicb will kill every tiBgie lick. 



Even the most effective Carbolic Preparations never kill more ikaa 

 65X of the tick;, and the uie of such inefficient fluids can only result, at 

 the moat, in keeping the ticks in check ; whereat if an arsenical prepar- 

 ation, such as Cooper's Cattle Tick Dip, be regularly and carefully ii*«d, 

 complete eradication is possible within a few year*. ^ 



WEST INDIAN AGENTS. 



S'l'. Knr.S: S. I,. I|..i-f,.nl A Co. 



.■\NTl»il A: KiiiiirU, Urj.s(iii .V Co. 



.lAMAlf.X: I). Htiiill?isnn .V Co., Kingston. 



tiUKNADA TlioiiiMin, Haiikoy * Co. 



15AI{RAI»<>S: Bailiinlos Co oiieiative Cotton Co., lit.1, 



I'.AIIAM \.S: H. T, Briiu, Nassiiii. 



TItlNllJAlJ: T. Cddi's tiraiil, Ltd., I'oit-of-Spaiii. 



lUUTlSIl lillVNA: T. tiLMliks (iraiit. Ltil. 



ST. VINCKNT: CorcaA Co., Kingstown. 



NKVIS: S. It. MaloiK-. 



AMERICAN VIH<;lN ISLANDS:* ). U.S. limicgclow,,St.Croix. 



M<»NTSKI(HAT: \V Llcwilljii Wall, 



DOMINICA: Hon. H. A. Fiaiiijiton. 



.ST. LI CI A: Harni.ril Sons vV (!o., C.astrlt's. 



tiCADKLorrK: Soci<'ti Indiistriellcet Agrioole, Point-a PiVic. 



& NEPHEWSjBerkhamsted, England. 



ifld, E.'inoG Aires, Monte Video, Punta Arenas, East London, Odessa 



