34 



TIMBER PINES OF THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES. 



IMiie amoug the Sbortleaf IMue ami liiii' upland oaks, the latter largely prevailing. On the .south 

 and we.st these hills niersc into an elevated plateau with a loose soil of eoarse white sand. Ilere 

 the Lou'deaf I'ine is lound in its fidl perfection and furuislu^s timber of excellent quality.' About 

 12 per cent of these pine-clad table-lauds are under cultivation, and about 22 per cent of the hills, 

 with their generous red soil, are covered with a mixed growth of pine and oak; both of these 

 divisions cover an area of not less than 1,000 scjuare niiles.'^ 



The Lougleaf JMne timber standing in South Carolina in the census year 1880 was estimated 

 at 5,310,000,000 feet, board measure,^ with an annual cut of 12i,000,000 feet. 



In 1800 forty mills sawing exclusively Lougleaf Pine timber have been reported' with an 

 aggregate daily capacity of about .510,000 feet, taken at the lowest figure. This would indicate 

 for that year a cut of (18,000,000 leet, board measure, which may also be considered the average 

 annual cut for the last fifteen yeans. 



The exports of lumber from Charleston, the chief port, have sin(!t' the year 1880 steadily 

 increased, the excess iu 1890 over the amount in 1880 reaching over 400 per cent, as is exhibited 

 iu the following statement: 



Statement of lumbtr ixiwrUil from Churlexton, S. C.,to fhrciijn ami duvuMc porix from th, Ufmning of ISSU to the clone 



of IS! 14. 



[Includes considerable Loblolly -.mi SliorUeaf Piue.] 



Year. 



1879-80. 

 1880-81. 

 1881-82 

 1882-«;i 

 1883-84 

 1884-85 

 1885-81! 

 1886-87 



Feet, board 

 measure. 



15, 4:i7. 000 

 18, 500, 000 

 43, 000, 000 

 40, 000, 000 

 35, 589, 000 

 :i0, 034. 000 

 26, 800. 000 

 32, 072, 000 



Year. 



1887-88, 

 1888-89 

 1889-90 

 1890-01 

 1891-92, 

 1882-93 

 1893-94 



Feet, board 

 measure. 



45, 270. 000 

 50, 532, 000 

 08, 4110, OOO 

 81,226,827 

 53, 286, 608 

 61.093,344 

 69, 940, 453 



6'eo»Y/i«.— The great jiine State of tin- South, which has given to the Lougleaf Pine the name of 

 Georgia I'ine, by which this lumber is known the world over, embraces the largest of the Atlanti.- 

 pine forests. At a rough estimate, these cover over 10,000 square miles, including the narrow 

 strip of live-oak lands boi<leiiiig the .sea.shore. The flat woods and savannas of the coast pl;iiii are 

 from 10 to 1.") miles wide. They are almost entirely stripped of their growth of Lougleaf Pine. 



The upland jiiiie forests, the pine barrens proper, or wire-grass region ,-' embrac-e over 17,000 

 square miles. This region forms a vast])lain, nearly level except on the north, covered exclusively 

 with Lougleaf Pine. Alxiut 20 jier cent of these lands have been cleared for cultivation. 



Pormerly the principal sites of the lumber industry were Darien, Brunswick, and Savannah 

 The logs were rafted hundreds of miles down the Savannah, the Ogeechee, the Altainaha and its 

 large tributaries, the Oconee^ and Ocmulgee. A limited (luantity is carried down the Flint and 

 Chattahoochee rivers to A]iala(liicohi. Tlic railroads, however, supply the mills now to tlie 



largest extent. 



The forests of these pine niilands are in (|uality, and originally in (inantity, of their timber 

 resources equal to any found east of the IMissi.ssipjii liiver. The soil is a loose sand, underlaid by 

 a more or less sandy bull-colored or reddish loam. The almost level or gently undulating plain 

 becomes slightly broken along the water courses, and the forests of Lougleaf Pine are interrupted 

 by wide, swampy liottoins which inclose the streams and are heavily timbered with the liOblolly 

 Pine, Cuban Pine, Laurel Oak, Water Oak, Magnolia, White and Ked P.ay, and Cy])ress. On 

 the better class of the pine-timber lands the amount of marketable timber found varies between 

 3,000 and 10,000 feet to the acre. The trees yielding lumber and square-sawu timber of the highest 



I ICiik Hammond, ('oiisiis Roiiorl . Vol. VI, C'ott.m iiroductiou of South Carolina. 

 - llammoiid, 1 c. 



•'Report of TciitU Cimisus, Vi>1. IX. 



<Lnml)or Trado Diioctoiy, Nortlnvi'Hlcrii l.iiiiilu^rm.in, Chicago, .lulj, 1890. 



"■From till) 8o-calli'd wiir-^rraHS ./ii»(i(/a «(;i<(«, the iiumt characteristic idaut of the dry, saiidv. i)iiic liarrcus 

 from -wostorn Alabama to tho Atlantic coast. 



