17 



on low ground. " Slash-pine" in Virginia and North Carolina is applied to old well developed 

 trees of both loblolly and short-leaf; in Florida it is exclusively applied to the Cuban pine. When 

 applied to the loblolly it designates a tree of fine grain, one-half to two-thirds sap, recognized by 

 the bark being broken into large, broad, smooth plates. This same form is also called "short-leaf 

 pine " in North Carolina. ' 



"Eosemary-pine" is a name peculiar to a growth of loblolly in the swamp region of the Car- 

 olinas, representing fully grown trees, fine grained, large amount of heart, and excellent quality, 

 now nearly exhausted. 



"Loblolly" or "old-held pine," as applied to Pimm 2Vcf?ffi, is a name given to the second growth 

 springing upon old tields iu North and South Carolinas, while in Alabama and Mississippi, etc., 

 the name '' old-field" pine is applied to Plnm echinata. 



Botanical diagnosis. 



Species. 



Leaves 



Cones (open) 



Scales....... 



Prickles 



Bucls 



Pimis pahtstrU Miller. 



3 in a bnnrtlo. 9 to 12 (excep- 

 tionally U to 15) inches long. 



6 to 9 in(;hc8 li>iiff: 41 to 5 

 inches in diameter. 



^ to 1 inch broad: tips mnch 

 wrinkled, liiilit i'.hestnut 

 brown. j;ray with age. 



Very short, delicate, incurveil. 



f inchh)ng; ^ inch in diame- 

 ter; silver white. 



Pinus cubensis Griseb. 



2 and 3 in a bundle; 7 to 12 

 (usually 9 to 10) inches long. 



4 to 6J (uauallir 4 to 5) inches 

 long; 3 to4Jlnchesindi;lm■ 

 etcr. 



|,\ to S inch broad; tips, wrin- 

 kh'il: deep russet brown; 

 shiny. 



Very short; straight; declined. 



About ^ inch long; J inch in 

 diameter; brownish. 



Pinw echinata Miller. 



2 and 3 in a bundle; IJ to 4 

 inches long; commonly 2^ 

 to 4 inches. 



li to 2 inches long; IJ to 1} 

 inches in diiimeter. 



IS to % (exceptionally about}) 



inch broad ; tips light yel- 



low-hrown. 

 Exceedingly short i-j\ inch), 



delicate straight, declined. 

 J to J inch long: about J inch 



in diameter; brownish. 



Pimis Tceda Linn. 



3 in a bundle ; 5 to 8 inches 

 long. 



2J to 4 J inches long; IJ to 3 

 inches in diameter. 



S to I inch broad; tips 

 .smooth; dull yeilow- 

 browu. 



Short; stout at base. 



i to } inch long; J inch in 

 diameter; brownish. 



In aspect and habit the loug-leaf and Cuban pine somewhat resemble each other. The large 

 silvery white buds of the long-leaf pine, which constitute its most striking character, and the 

 candelabra-like naked branches with brush-like tufts of foliage at the end readily distinguish it 

 from the Cuban pine, which bears a fuller and denser crown. The dark-green, glossy, and heavy 

 foliage of the latter readily distinguishes this again from the loblolly, where these may appear 

 associated, the latter having sea-green and thinner foliage. 



As a rule, the Cuban pine grows taller (up to 110 or 115 feet, with a diameter of 2J to 3 feet) 

 than the longleaf, which rarely exceeds 105 feet and 20 to 36 inc-hes in diameter. The Cuban pine 

 forms massive horizontally spreading limbs, and at maturity a crown with rounded outlines; the 

 long-leaf pine forms a more flattened crown with massive but twisted, gnarled limbs, which are 

 sparingly branched. 



The thin bark of the long-leaf (only one quarter to one-half inch thick), of uniform reddish 

 brown color throughout, exfoliates in thin, almost transparent, rhombic Hakes; the thick bark of 

 the Cuban pine of the same color exfoliates in very thin, broad, purplish flakes. 



The short-leaf pine is readily distinguished by the comparatively shorter and more scant 

 appearance of its foUage. Moreover, this species is at once recognized by its characteristically 

 small cones. Its habit is spreading, if compared with the nuu-e ascending, compact habit of the 

 loblolly. At maturity the short-leaf has a much shorter bole (85 to 95 feet, diameter U to 2 feet) 

 than the loblolly (125 to 150 feet, diameter 4 to 5 feet), with which it is often associated, and a 

 more pyramid-shaped crown. 



The reddish bark of the short-leaf in mature trees is broken into long plates, while the loblolly 

 bark appears of grayish color and breaks into broader, larger, and more deeply fissured plates. 



[ DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. 



The geographical (botanical) distribution of the long-leaf pine is shown in a map published in 

 the annual report of the chief of the forestry division for 1891, which was prepared by Dr. Charles 

 Mohr, of Mobile, Ala., agent of this division, and much of the information here giveu, is taken" 

 from his still unpublished monographs on these pines. 



Within the boundaries of geographical distribution each species is found to occupy certain 

 soils and sites which form its habitat. The habitat of the piues in general is found on sandy and 

 14500— No. 8 3 



