PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANNUAL MEETING. 151 



TILE DRAINS IN ORCHARDS. 



Mr. Charles Wilde : Has any one had experience in tile draining an 

 orchard? 



Prof. Taft: If the tiles conduct spring water, there is danger of the 

 roots of trees entering them; but if only surface water flows through 

 them, there will be no trouble from this source. 



Mr. Packard: A neighbor of mine had tile in an apple orchard, on 

 clay soil, some of which he took up and found to be full of apple roots. 



TREATMENT OF APPLE SCAB. 



A Member: What is the best treatment for scab of the apple? 



Prof. Taft: Bordeaux mixture, twice, if rainy weather occurs, before 

 the buds open, and again after the buds are formed, but before they open; 

 for the scab attacks the flower stems, destroying them. Bordeaux mixture 

 makes healthier foliage, and, therefore, stronger trees. 



LEAF BLIGHT OF PEAR AND QUINCE. 



Mr. M. E. Williams: Has any one ,tried Bordeaux mixture for leaf 

 blight (not twig blight) of the pear? 



Mr. R. M. Kellogg: I have tried it and found it successful. 



Prof. Taft confirmed this, and said it was equally efficacious against 

 blight of quince leaf, but not so as to the twig blight of either. 



an ILLINOIS PEST. 



Mr. Henry Augustine of Normal, Ills.: Has anyone tried spraying 

 for the " skeletonizer? " 



No one knew of this pest in the state. 



Mr. Augustine: There are three or four broods of the insect, and they 

 eat all but the skeletons of the leaves. They are very destructive, there- 

 fore, to the foliage in both orchard and nursery. The insects look like 

 leaf rollers, but swarm thickly and do disastrous work. Paris green does 

 not afiPect them. 



WHY old shade TREFS DIE. 



Mr. RiCE: Do what they will, in the city streets and parks, they can 

 not save the native, original trees. The fallen leaves blow away because 

 there is no undergrowth to stop them, and so the natural nutrition of the 

 tree is gone, and cold winds sweep through to the injury of the unpro- 

 tected trunks. Besides, the earth is tamped down hard, allowing frost 

 to penetrate further, 



