EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 



297 



directions. Here they remain until they attain their full growth the fol- 

 lowing season, when they construct a cocoon of chips in the burrow and 

 transform to a pupa and a little later to the imago. 



Remedies. — The exudation of gum from the wound made by the borer 

 in entering is a strong indication of its presence, and borings outside the 

 opening is a sure indication. The general practice is to make use of these 

 signs of the borer and go through the orchard in the fall and spring, and 

 with a knife dig the borers out. "While this method prevents the borer 

 from doing its greatest injury to the tree, the cutting- out system has little 

 to recommend it beyond this. Very often the injury made with the 

 knife is as great as that made by the borer and will never heal over. All ' 

 cutting and boring is more or less injurious to a tree. What we must 

 seek for is some method by which the borer will be prevented from enter- 

 ing the bark, or for preventing the moth from laying her eggs. The best 

 preventive that we can recommend now is a whitewash made of lime to . 

 which has been added enough Paris green to give it jast a slight greenish 

 tinge. When the young grub hatches and attempts to gnaw through the 

 bark, it will eat enough of the poison to kill it before it enters. The 

 unsatisfactory feature about this method is that the whitewash has to be 

 replenished once or twice through the season, as repeated rains will wash 

 it off. We are just in receipt of a remedy known as " caterpillar lime," 

 that we hope will obviate this difficulty. It comes highly recommended 

 for such purposes by fruitgrowers in Germany, and we shall give it a 

 thorough trial. If it proves as recommended, it will be our best remedy 

 for the peach tree borer. The preparation is sold by Wm. Menzel & Son, 

 64 Broad-st., New York. 



THE PEACH-TWIG MOTH (Anarsia lineatella, Zell.). 



The second most injurious insect, in most peach 

 orchards, is the peach twig moth, Anarsia linea- 

 tella. The young caterpillar begins feeding at a 

 terminal bud of a peach twig, and after eating 

 the bud bores into the twig along the pith, some- 

 times to the length of an inch and a half or two 

 inches. Then it will leave that twig and repeat 

 the same process on others until it atte-ins its 

 growth. A few caterpillars will thus destroy 

 quite a number of twigs in a short time, and 

 when the caterpillars are numerous, as they are 

 some seasons, quite a percentage of the twigs will 

 be dead at their tips. The little caterpillars appear very early in the 

 spring, at about the time the buds start, and continue their work for some 

 time after the leaves attain their full size. When full grown the cater- 

 pillars are only about one third of an inch long. In color they vary from 

 a reddish to a dusky brown, with the head and thoracic shield varying 

 from yellowish-brown to black. They have eight pairs of legs as repre- 

 sented in h of the figure and are naked excepting a few scattering hairs. 

 The caterpillars usually pupate in the dead leaves at the end of the twig 

 on which they worked last, and issue some time in June from the pupa 

 stage as a moth. The second brood of the caterpillars appears in August 

 and, according to Professors Cook and Com stock, specimens of this brood 

 38 



Fig. 19.— Peach-Twig Moth: a, 

 moth; b, caterpillar; c, pnpa. 



