Stop es and Fujii, The nutritive relations of the surrounding tissues etc.- 3 



Coker 1 ) in his work on Taxodium described fragmentation of 

 the jacket cell nuclei and favoured Ikeno's and Arnoldi's views 

 that the protein vacuoles appearing in the egg cell originate from 

 their substance which passes in through the pitted egg cell wall. 

 Coulter and Chamberlain-) in their recent Look assnme the 

 proteid vacuoles to be nuclei. 



Smith 3 ) in Zamia ßoridana called the main pit filling cytoplasm 

 on the side of the egg which is very granulär „haustoria" to which 

 she ascribed pumping action and periods of accumulation, discharge, 

 and exhaustion in the process of absorbing food. Stating however 

 at the same time ,,No sieve plates or similar structures as described 

 by Goroschankin were observed in any of the preparations", she 

 drew all her figures with the pits between the egg and jacket cells 

 as simple oroad open Communications. 



Stop es 4 ) figured simple closed pits in Zamia muricatci] and 

 in the course of work on many species of Cycads found no case 

 of the fragmentation or wandering of the nuclei of the jacket cells, 

 but supported Hirase's results for Ginkgo rather than Ikeno's 

 for Cycas in regard to the protein granules in the egg. 



Ferguson 5 ) in her monograph on Pinus used the term 

 '•nutritive spheres" in place of "proteid vacuoles" and suggested 

 the theory that the nucleoli of the jacket cells and egg cells have 

 somewhat the nature of plastids and manufacture "secondary 

 nucleoli" which "become diffused throughout the nucleus, from 

 which they pass, probably in Solution, into the egg cytoplasm. 

 Here they are again differentiated, and by a gradual development 

 give rise to the „proteid vacuoles" or nutritive spheres of the 

 oosphere". In Mottier's 6 ) summary of the whole subject, he 

 states the views of various authors, and questions the fact that 

 „the material should pass over bodily into the egg cell" as being 

 „an extraordinary mode of passage of foodstuffs". 



Treub's 7 ) original figures of the thickened membrane of the 

 Cycad archegonia shewing a closing membrane across simple pits 

 between the egg and the jacket cells, and Goroschankin's sieve- 

 like Communications are in general overlooked by recent workers, 

 with the result that many consider that protein in solid or semi- 

 solid form, or even complete nuclei, may enter the egg cell. On 

 the other band, Ferguson failed to observe even the larger pits 

 in Pinns and so favours the view that in this case only sohible 



x ) Coker, W. C, „On the gametophvtes and embryo of Taxodin tir- . 

 (Bot. Gaz. Vol. 36. 1903. p. 25.) 



2 ) Coulter, J. M., and Chamberlain, C. J., „Morph, of Spermato- 

 phytes. Part I. üymnosperms". New York 1901. p. 22 and 88. 



3 ) Smith. I. S., „Nutrition of the egg in Zamia". (Bot. Gaz. Vol. 37. 

 1904. p. 317.) 



4 ) Stopes, M. C, ,,Beitr. z. Keimt, d. Fortpflanz, d. Cycadeen". (Flora. 

 Bd. 93 1904. p. 479. fig. 16.) 



B ) Ferguson. M. C, loc. cit. ]). 104 and 107. 



6 ) Mottier, D. ML., „Fecundation in plants". Washington 1904. see p. 44. 

 *) Treub, 31., „ßecherchea s. 1. Cycadees"'. (Ann. d. Jard. d. Buitenzorg. 

 Vol. IV. see figs. 7 and 8 pl. II.) 



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