172 AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE BULLETINS. 



and with a characteristic copper colored spot at the end of its front wings. 

 This spot will always enable one to distinguish this moth. Every apple 

 grower should put wormy apples in a small box and rear the moths, that 

 there may be no doubt about the species. In May, about two weeks after 

 the blossoms appear, the female moth commences to lay eggs in the calyx of 

 the blossoms (Fig. 1, b). These soon hatch, when the minute larva (shown 

 full grown, Fig. 1, e) eats into the apple and feeds upon the pulp about the 

 core, filliug the space with its fecal filth. 



Some good observers argue that a single larva feeds in several apples. 

 While it is hard to prove that this may not be true, I am sure that it is not 

 always the case, and from my observations and experiments I have been 

 led to believe that it w^as exceptional if ever true. One wormy apple placed 

 with several others in a box has always remained the only one injured. 

 Again, I have several young trees which only bear a few apples; in early 

 fruit, I have found one, two or three apples on a tree attacked late in June, 

 each containing a full grown larva, while the few others near by would all 

 be sound. And yet the apples injured, and which still contained the full 

 grown larva, seemed to be no more eaten than those usually found with the 

 mature ''worms" in them. Here each certainly fed on a single fruit, and 

 as it would be safer for the larva to confine its attacks to a single apple, I 

 have been led to wonder if it were not a mistake to argue that they gen- 

 erally migrate to different apples. 



These spring moths continue to come from cellar or apple house till July. 

 I have taken such moths July 4th on the screen of my cellar window. The 

 whitish larvad attain their fall growth in about four weeks. This period 

 will be lengthened by cold and shortened by heat. When mature the larva 

 leaves the apple, which may have fallen to the ground, and seeks a secluded 

 place in which to spin its cocoon (Fig. 1, i) and pupate. The pupa or 

 chrysalis (Fig. 1, d) is much like those of other moths. The pup® of the 

 June and July larvse are found in the cocoons soon after the latter are 

 formed, while those of the autumn larva; do not pupate till spring, but 

 pass the winter as larvae in the cocoons. The eggs of the second brood are 

 laid in July, August and September. The larvis feed in autumn and often 

 till mid-winter, while as just stated they do not pupate till spring. 



EEMEDIES. 



As this is by far the most injurious pest of the apple, it should be widely 

 known that we have a very satisfactory remedy. 



The old method of bandaging failed signally, as it required careful atten- 

 tion right in the busy season, at intervals of from ten to fifteen days. This 

 was neglected and so the method was a failure. A better method was that 

 of pasturing hogs in the orchard, which would eat the wormy apples, as 

 soon as they fell, and thus save the fruit, and kill the insects. This remedy 

 was imperfect, as many larvge left the apples before they fell from the tree, 

 and so of course escaped. To render this practice effectual, the orchardist 

 mast fell the wormy apples to the ground, before the worms leave them. As 

 the mound of filth at the calyx end — which as the apple grows Avill hang 

 down — shows which apples are wormy, it is not very difficult, with a forked 

 stick, to remove all wormy fruit. This not only makes the hog remedy quite 

 perfect, but also thins the fruit, which insures much finer apples. 



Another so-called remedy which finds space in the papers each year, is to 



