TREES, SHRUBS AND TINES OF MISSOURI. 367 



82. Quercus velutina Lam. 



Black-oak. A large and valuable oak, of wide distribution in the State, and 

 reaching its greatest development along the Missouri river in the central and west- 

 -ern part of the State. Has been found in Adair, Andrew, Atchison, Buchanan, 

 Butler, Cape Girardeau, Cedar, Clark, Cole. Dunklin, Greene. Holt, Howell, Jack- 

 son, Jasper, Lawrence, McDonald, Newton, Oregon, Ripley, shannon, St. 

 Francois, St. Louis, Sullivan, Texas, Wayne, Webster and Wright counties. 

 This is Quercus coccinea iincioria A. Gray. 



ELM FAMILY (Ulmace^). 



83. Ulinus alata Michx. 



Wahoo elm— Winged elm. A small tree in most parts of the State where it 

 occurs, reaching its greatest development in the lowlands of the southeastern part 

 of the State, where it often becomes a tree four feet in diameter and 150 feet in 

 height, and where it is known as Red elm, a name properly belonging to TJlmus 

 -pubescens. Its range is chiefly soulh of the Missouri river, and it does not appear 

 to occur west of aline drawn from Boonville. At present it is only known to 

 occur in Bollinger, Butler, Callaway, Cape Girardeau, Carter, Cole, Cooper, 

 Dunklin, fiowell, Iron, Madison, McDonald, MiJsiPsippi, New Madrid, Ripley, 

 Shannon, St. Francois, Stoddard, Warren and Wayne counties. 



84. Ulmus Americana L. 



White elm. A large, very valuable tree, both for lumber and ornamenal pur- 

 poses. Has a wide range throughout the State, and grows in all kinds of soil. Well- 

 grown trees that are fonnd in river bottoms with tall, straight trunks, are some- 

 times called Hickory elm and Rock elm, a name which properly belongs to Ulmus 

 racemosa. It is sometimes called Water elm when found in low grounds, and is 

 most difficult to split, while the form called Rock elm splits remarkably;weH. It has 

 been found in Adair, Andrew, Atchison, Buchanan, Butler, Cape Girardeau, Car- 

 roll, Clark, Clay, Daviess, Dunklin, Greene, Howell, Jackson, Jasper, Lawrence, 

 Madison, McDonald, Newton, Oregon, Pemiscot, Pike, Platte, Ray, Scotland, Shan- 

 non, St. Francois, St. Louis, Stoddard, Washington and Wayne counties. 



85. Ulmus pubescens Walt. 



Red elm— Slippery elm, A large, valuable tree, found throughout the State in all 

 kinds of soil. Wood reddish, tough and very durable for such purposes as fence 

 posts, rails, fencing, etc. The inner bark very muciliaginous, and much used locally 

 and in medicine. It occurs in Adair, Atchison, Buchanan, Butler, Clark, Dade, 

 Dunklin, Greene, Holt, Howell, Jackson, Madison, McDonald, Mississippi, Newton, 

 Oregon, Ripley, Scotland, Shannon, St. Francois, St. Louis, Stoddard and Wayne 

 •counties. This is Ulmus fulva Michx. 



86. Ulmus racemosa Thomas. 



Cork elm. Hickory elm., Rock elm. A very valuable large elm, found along streams 

 in several counties in the State, and probably more common than is now known, 

 as it closely resembles the White elm, and only a critical examination can distin- 

 guish it. It may be recognized by the larger, longer buds, the corky-winged 

 branchlets, and the flowers being racemed instead of in umbels, and produced much 

 later. It is used considerably for making wagon repairs, such as axle-trees, 

 tongues, etc. Has been found thus far in Atchison, Boone, Clark, Dunklin, Jack- 

 son and Stoddard counties. 



