WINTER MEETING, 1882. 37 



together for their uniform development; hence the younger the planter gets 

 his trees the better, yearlings being better than two-years-olds, and these in 

 time better than three and four-years trees; tliis, provided the planter will 

 properly care for the trees when they are purchased. The thumb and the 

 finger should precede the knife in the growth of the tree. Koots of the 

 young tree, in planting out, should be cut with a sharp knife to make what is 

 termed a "clean cut." If the tree is in tlie form of a whip, cut off to a good 

 bud about two feet high. The trunk should be shaded as soon as possible by 

 the top, hence the short body at first. 



His ideal tree was a central shoot with four or five side branches distributed 

 over about a foot of space. 



Mr. Collar: Would you cut out the central shoot? 



Answer: By no means; I do not want *' umbrella trees." 



Mr. Lyon remarked that if larger trees are set out, cut back the side branches 

 to single bads, and by arranging the cut according to the way the buds point, 

 a uniform head can be planned. The trunk should be covered, or better 

 still, washed with soap suds at time of planting. 



The best methods of pruning peach trees, to avoid crotches, were discussed, 

 and tlie reasons for what is known as the ''shortening in" process were 

 given. 



Mr. Satterlee, of Greenville, addressed the institute for a few moments on 

 the subject, 



ADVERTISING AT FAIRS, 



Taking the ground that with horticultural products it is true that it pays to 

 show samples at fairs that will advertise the home product. A district or 

 locality which may have a surplus is thus brought in contact with the buyer, 

 and again the competition for prizes educates as to what is valuable and what is 

 not, as well as to methods of picking, packing, and exhibiting. 



Mr. Woodward being called out said it paid him to advertise at fairs. He 

 ■didn't want any committee to pass judgment on his fruit; he wanted the 

 judgment of the people who passed through the fruit halls. If the people, 

 after viewing and tasting his fruit, commended it, their judgment was worth 

 more than any viewing committee of two or three members. The fairs were 

 the best places in the world to advertise new fruits. 



A FEW QUESTIONS. 



Mr, Stowell asked what was the best market peach for Southern Michigan? 



Mr. Dorr: From my experience I should answer unhesitatingly, Hill's 

 Chili. 



Mr. Parshall : Yes ; by all means. Tliey are about as hardy as oak trees, 

 and that is what we are after first. 



Mr. Woodward, of Chnton : My record of last winter's disaster does not 

 place Hill's Chili first for hardiness. 



Mr. Healy: Same objections apply to it as to AVagener apple. It overbears 

 and is short-lived, and it is expensive thinning the fruit so the remainder will 

 be marketable. 



Mr. Steere : Hill's Chili is of good quality, a good canning variety, and has 

 a small pit. I like it. 



