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EJ3SWICK. It is a very polluted river. 



Has heard the foregoing evidence. All the cases of disease he has seen were 

 internal — with a large fungoid growth inside the mouth, growing from the 

 mouth, and spreading out like a large hen's egg beyond the mouth, and 

 affecting the gills also ; only the bones were left. The flesh was eaten away. 



Has studied botany, but has not studied parasitic fungi. Fungi attack 

 decaying wood. Cannot say if Saprolegnia ferax is always present in the 

 water. 



Has never seen any fish diseased on the outside. The tongue of one was 

 eaten away. Has no reason to doubt that it is Saprolegnia ferax. 



Has seen fungus on gold fish. Cannot say if this is Saprolegnia ferax. Has 

 seen fungus on dead animal matter. Fungi grow specially on decaying matter, 

 both animal and vegetable. 



The trout he saw had fungus in the mouth, and the gills were choked up. 



The fish were 12 inches long, and weighed only about 6 oz. each. 



Believes the majority of fish in Ulleswater are free from disease, but has 

 heard of fish being rejected for food, and supposes these may have been 

 diseased. 



The pollution of the lake is from lead. It is not so bad as formerly. 



The fungoid growth inside the mouth was the same in character as the 

 specimens of external fungus produced. 



Indictment Office, Crown Court, Carlisle, 

 Monday, September 29th, 1879. 



Present : 



Frank Buckland, Spencer Walpole, and Archibald Young, 



Esquires. 



John Dunne, Chief Constable of Cumberland and Westmoreland. — Has 

 had charge of the watching of the Eden during the last nine years. Employs 

 " additional constables " to watch the river. The fisheries of the river have very 

 much improved. Since the formation of the .board of Conservators the fisheries 

 have increased in productiveness, and fish have considerably increased through 

 the district. The takes vary according to the weather, floods, condition of 

 water, &c. Generally the increase has been very material. 1877 was an 

 exceptionally good year. Cannot give the greatest number of fish taken, as he 

 has never had returns from proprietors. The take was counted by tens 

 of thousands. 



The river is largely stocked as far as Armathwaite. The catchment basin of 

 the Eden is not all available for salmon. The Caldew is cut off. The main 

 take offish is between Carlisle and the estuary. The take of 1877 was much 

 greater than that. of 1876, which was estimated at 10,000. 



The sewage of Carlisle falls into the river below the city, and complaints 

 have been made about it. Does not think the river is perfectly pure above 

 Carlisle. Many villages empty their sewage into it. The population between 

 Carlisle and Penrith is not very dense. No steps are taken to purify the river ; 



The high spring tides come up to the point where the sewage falls in. This 

 is a mile below Carlisle, at Willow Holme. 



Since the large increase of fish the spawning grounds have been thought 

 insufficient. They might be increased by, opening up Armathwaite Bay, beyond 

 which are some of the finest spawning grounds in the country. The fish would 

 get into Ulleswater, &c. Armathwaite is 15 miles above Carlisle. The fish 

 get above Armathwaite in high floods. The pass at Eamont Bridge is inopera- 

 tive. The Eamont should be opened up at Penrith. There are no tributaries 

 below the Irthing. The Petterill is not visited by salmon. It is purely a 

 trout river. The Caldew is blocked, but possesses good spawning grounds. 

 It is not polluted till you get to Skiddaw, when it is somewhat polluted. The 



