THE AGRIOULTUKAL NEWS. 



Tick Suppression 



OK 



Tick Eradication? 



How often siiould Carrie be Sprayed ? 



•ATTLI TlOK 



HALF MEASURES. There arc innamerable Catlle owners who think that '.he object of clipping or spraying is to keep licks from 'getting on lo 

 like cal'Ic : this wrong impression is KcM almost always by those men who do not set before ihemselvef as their goaf the absolute eradicaUun of ticks from 

 Aeir properly, but are crUent siruply to keep the number of tickj within bounds. These men aim merely at lick " suppression," and are apparently 

 content to regard ticks as a ironble that vfifl always be with them : ihey look forward with equanimity to the prospect of having always to keep on {.praying 

 iKcir cattle from time t > lime, and do not even realise that it is perfectly possible, by sj>raying or dipping regularly ana ihoroughly, to completely cradic;*.? 

 ticks from a property within a period of two or three yean. 



ERADICATION SHOULD BE THE AIM. It should, therefore, be most strongly emphasised that the determination which shoi:!d he behind 

 cattle dippmg. or spr.iymp operations, is not merely to "suppre^s ' !!cli;, br.t to completely eradicate them. 



So far from it being desired to keep licks off cattle, the v hole idea i> to use (he cattle to collect the ticks from the infested pastures, and then to kill f'.l 

 the licks on 'he cattle by spraying or dipping them in a tick-destroying fluid. In this way the licks are being continu<»lly " mopped up" by the cstlle, r.rd 

 the pasture eventually becomes absolutely free from licks. 



THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PROPER INTERVAL. But it w.l! be clear thai, if this desirable result is to be obtained, ihe cattle mu-t 

 be irertted Mifficienlly of;':n to prevent any ticks v\hich i;et nn Ai'cy one dipping from fallini; off again before the Cattk- are a^ain dipped. If the interv<,l 

 between treatments is tuo lor^. many female ticks will full off v.)»hru" c\er having been dipped cr sprayed. Each of ihr^c female licks will lay se^<^^..! 

 thousand eggs, which means thai the pasture is being continually re-inlc-ir-d with young ticks. The importance of not allowing any (cmale tick to escape spraying 

 will be realised if it i; borne in mind ihal the progeny of one single female lick may. within a period of seven months, come lo number 6,750,000,000 individuals. 



INTERVAL DEPENDS ON LIFE HISTORY. In ccnMdcrini? wh^l is ihc proper interval between sprayings or dippings, the deciding fatrcr 

 ortust V>e the period which a lick spends on an animal from the time h first jjets on, as a seed tick, unlil the lime ii falls off as a fully-engorged female. r<*.Gy 

 to lay c'jv.s. 



It h.t- been proved beyond all doubt that the ordinary Cattle Tick require? at least three v.eeks to complete thai portion of ils life-cvcle which it 

 spends- cr .n atiimal. It follows, ihi^rcfore. that one dipping or spraying every 21 days» is quite sufficient lo catch and destroy all ticks which have ^"^t 

 on to lii': .. mal since the previous dipping. If ihe operation is performed e\ery fortnight, so much the betler, as ticks will be eradicated more quickK. 



AN OFFICIAL RECOMMENDATION. The following procedure is recommended by the Jamaica Depariment of Agriculture, when first 

 commencii)^ titk-eradica':*»n mcaiurcs : — 



Spray once. hand|ic! tng engorged female licks on the point of dropping. Spray again 10 days later. If ticks still apprar, spray again 10 days \t\zT. 

 If no licks are found, spray 3 weeks later. Spray every 3 weeks throughout the year, whether any ticks are seen or not. 



The next year ihc three-weekly spraying should be persisled in. The following year the properly should be free Irom ticks, if this procecure is 

 observed and the spraying is always very ihoroughly carried out. 



HOW LONG TO CONTINUE SPRAYING. If ticks a|iparently disappear from ihc Cattle iifler ihev have been under Ireatmcn! for some time, 

 the dipping ur .'pra) ing should not be discontinued until it has been delernunci by a number of careful hand inspection." that the cattle are really free of ucks 

 If ticks continue on catlle until cold wcaiher and then fin;illy disappear, it should be borne in mind that m all probability eradication has not reallv been 

 accomplished, as ihere may be engorged females, unhalched eggs, and mactrvc seed licks on the farm ; consequently, even if ihc < dttle should remain free of icKs 

 during the winter, ihcy may become re-infested the following spring. In any case in which ticks disappear from the catlle and treatment is discon;.VL'.-d, 

 the cattle hould be watched with the greatest care for ticks uniil ample lime has elapsed to leave no doubi (hat the properly is free of ticks. 



HO\ " TO KEEP A PROPERTY CLEAN. After a properly has been freed of ticks, precautions should be ob.^ervcd to prevent ticks fiom 

 kcing rcir. roduccd. In case it becomes necessary to bring cattle from a licky properly, they should be complclely (reed of licks before bciuf 

 hrooght on the place; or, if this is not possible, a Quarantine lot, or pcn» should be set aside to be used exclusively for licky cattle, where such catlle may \m 

 kept and entirely freed of ticks before being placea with other cattle. S«cii cattle may be freed of ticks by dipping them twice at an interval of 10 days m •■ 

 ftraeDical dip. After the second dipping, the calde should not be placecl in the quarantine pen, which may be "ticky," but placed in a. tick-free lot, where tb^ 

 m» be obicrved for a time, to make absolutdy certain that they can7 mi tickt, after which they may be placed with the other catde. 



COOPER'S CATTLE TICK PIP 

 Hms received ihe official approval of the follotxnng Coantrie^f 

 lUea of South Africa. Norlbern Khodcsia, Brazil, HasulolatC 



Myasalaod, Swaillar I, Sonthern Rhodesia. Madajtaacar, 



ftdtliih £aat Africa, Oermao East Africa, Portuguese Last Afrkt, 



f%riut»ttt West Afri. i. Esypt, ArsentiBC Republic, OueeB^laatf, 



Halted States of America, New South Wales, 



^ Northern Territory of AastrtlU. 



Manufacturers : WILLIAM COOPER & 



BRANCHES: ToroXe, Cluca|<. h*»*J. * <■* —*», AasUM^ 



WEST INDIAN AGENTS ; 



fT. KITTA: a. L. Horntoril A C*. ANTIOUA: Ucnneit, Uryson A C*. 



JAMAICA: D. Heiulerson A Co., Kln^olon. 



UkBNADA: TbonMn. Hnakcy & Co. 



BARBADOS: Barbados Co-operallve Cotton Co. 1.14. 



BAIIAMA5: W. N. Twynnnl, Na.vuu. 



TRINIOAU: T. Qeddo Oraot. Port o( 5pa)n. 



BRITISH aUlANA: 5iindl>«ch. Parker & Co. 



rr. VINCBNT: Coru A Co.. ICInotown. NI-:VI5: .4. D. Mnlnoc. 



DANL9H WBST IN01B4 1 Carl V. I.a licet, St. Thonm.s 



MONT5ERRAT: W. Unr«llyD Wall. DOMIMCA: Hon. H. A. Frnmrton. 



ST. LUCIA: Barnard 5*n» A Co., Castries. /^ 



NEPHEWS, Berkhamsted, England. 



Aim, M«iit< VUw, tala Ann*, Eul Undo*, Odnu. 



