22 BEPOBt OP NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1913. 



caverns, and cliff -dwellings, telling the story of the life and culture 

 of the local tribes. Of particular popular interest are models of 

 ancient pueblos, cliff-houses and villages, and also, though yet in an 

 incomplete state, lay figures, colored to life, showing the practice of 

 various industries, especially those concerned in the arts of stone 

 working and metallurgy of the ancient peoples. Another series of 

 table cases extending through the middle of the range, with a few 

 at the sides, hold synoptic collections of relics illustrating each class 

 of utensils and implements, as mortars, pestles, stone axes, copper 

 implements, etc., conveying to the visitor a clear conception of the 

 full range of form, the geographical distribution, and the material 

 employed, and, with the aid of labels, the varied uses of the objects. 

 Associated with these are numerous exhibits elucidating the indus- 

 tries of the aborigines, especially the quarryuig of flint, obsidian, 

 soapstone, and mica; the mining of copper, iron ore, tm-quois, and 

 paint; and the working of stone, metal, clay, bone, and shell, these 

 being the most important features of aboriginal industrial life — the 

 dynamic agencies of incipient civilization. 



Physical anthropology. — Physical anthropology deals, in a com- 

 parative way, with the physical man, or man considered from the 

 natm'al history standpoint, and endeavors to trace the processes and 

 laws of his evolution and variation. In conjunction with other 

 sciences it seeks a solid foundation for safeguarding the present wel- 

 fare of the race and regulating its future development, and it also 

 constitutes in part the physical basis for the science of psychology. 

 The materials which have been assembled by the division represent 

 normal man in his many differentiations, and embody extensive 

 skeletal, brain, and other series to serve as a basis for research and 

 comparison. As a result mainly of recent activities, the collections 

 have been so built up as to comprise the largest and most compre- 

 hensive body of subject matter of physical anthi'opology in America. 

 The arrangements in the laboratory are such as to facihtate the 

 examination of material, and the study of methods by specialists and 

 students, and in two of the rooms a systematic exhibition series has 

 been installed. Some of the more important subjects illustrated in 

 the latter are the evolution of the human skeleton, the skull of pri- 

 mates compared with that of man, geologically ancient man and his 

 forerunners, neolithic crania, the anatomical connection of present 

 with early man and preceding forms, the development of the human 

 skeleton, variations in the human skeleton, and senihty and miscel- 

 laneous featm-es. These exhibits are supplemented by numerous 

 busts of pm'e-blood types of American Indians, portraits of promi- 

 nent anthropologists, and a large series of modern and early anthro- 

 pometric instruments. 



