80 SEEDS AXD PLANTS IMPORTED. 



44856. Persea American a Mill. Lauiaceee. Avocado. 



(P. gratissima Gaertn. f.) 

 From Guatemala. Budwood collected by Mr. Wilsou Popenoe, agri- 

 cultural explorer. Received .Tune 12, 1917. 



"(Nos. 146, 193. 221. Avocado No. 30.) Tertoli. A famous variety from 

 Mixco, near the city of Guatemala, noted for its large size and excellent 

 quality. 



" The parent tree is growing in the sitio of Leandro Castillo, just above 

 the ])laza of Mixco, at an altitude of approximately 5,700 feet. The tree is 

 said l)y the owner to have been grown by his grandfather from a seed brought 

 from Morah, a small village about 10 miles distant. While its age is not defi- 

 nitely known, it is estimated at about 60 years. It is about 25 feet high, broad 

 and spreading in habit, with a trunk 15 inches thick at the base, branching 7 

 feet from the ground to form a dense crown fully 30 feet broad. A peculiarity 

 of the tree is its very brittle wood. This may be against the variety in Cali- 

 fornia and Florida, where strong winds occasionally do much damage. The 

 growth seems to be vigorous, and the budwood is very satisfactory, the twigs 

 being stout, well formed, and supplied with vigorous buds. 



" The climate of Mixco is cool, but not cold enough to test the hardiness of 

 the variety. This can only be determined by a trial in the United States. 



" The tree flowers in March. According to the owner, it has not borne as 

 well in recent years as formerly. He attributes this to the fact that the tree 

 is getting old. but it seems in addition to have been weakened by the attacks 

 of insects. No fruits were produced from the 1916 blooms. The 1917 blooms 

 resulted in a good crop, but many of the fruits dropped to the ground when 

 nearly full grown. Upon examination they appeared to have been attacked by 

 some insect, whose burrows could be seen toward the base of the fruit. The 

 season of ripening is said to be from February to April, the fruits being at 

 their best in March. They can, however, be picked as early as January. To- 

 ward the end of the season they become very rich in flavor. 



" The fruit is long and slender, tending toward pyriform. It weighs as 

 much as 3 pounds in some instances. It is deep purple in color when fully ripe 

 and has a rather thin skin (for this race) and deep cream-colored flesh of very 

 rich flavor. The seed is very small in comparison to the size of the fruit. 



"An American relates that he once brought a fruit from the tree to his home 

 in the city of Guatemala, where it sufficed to make salads for two meals for 

 a household of 10 people. 



" The variety may be formally described as follows : Form oblong to slender 

 pyriform ; size extremely large, weight 28 to 36 ounces, and occasionally up to 

 48 ounces, length 7 to 8A inches, greatest breadth 3| to 4^ inches ; base broad 

 to narrow, sometimes pointed, the slender stem about 5 inches long inserted 

 slightly obliquely without depression ; apex rounded ; surface nearly smooth, 

 deep dull pui-pfe in color with numerous russet dots and patches; skin mod- 

 erately thick, about one-sixteenth of an inch or slightly more, coarse, granular 

 and woody ; flesh cream yellow in color, free from fiber or discoloi'ation and 

 of fine texture; flavor rich and pleasant; quality excellent; seed very small, 

 slender conical in form, about 1^ ounces in weight, tight in the seed cavity, with 

 both seed coats adhering closely to the cotyledons." (Popenoe.) 



See also Exploring Guatemala for Desirable New Avocados, Annual Report 

 of the California Avocado Association, 1917. p. 135, fig. 32 ; reprint, 1918, p. 26, 

 fig. 32 ; and The Avocado in Guatemala, U. S. Department of Agriculture Bulle- 

 tin No. 743, p. 64, pi. 22. 



For an illustration of the parent tree of the Tertoh avocado, see Plate IX. 



