FARMERS' INSTITUTES. 159 



haps, where ''wheat culture ends," therefore we leave tlic subject in your 

 hands for further consideration. 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. Clark wanted to know if the process of early plowing does not tend to 

 impoverish the soil. 



Mr. Howe. — Our practice has been to plow in June, and we raise better crops 

 now than ever before. 



Mr. Sparks. — Do you allow any weeds to grow on your fallow? 



Mr. Howe. — He had tried both ways, but had found it better to keep dowu 

 the weeds. 



Mr, Sparks had found the late plowed land more moist than that plowed 

 early, and his wheat much better. The last plowing was the last week in June. 



Mr. Howe said he considered that plowing the last week in June was suffi- 

 ciently early. 



Mr. Clark asked what was thought of plowing under a rank growth of buck- 

 Tpheat. 



Mr. Woodruff had obtained better results from plowing under sowed corn. 



Mr. Mead had tried buckwheat with no visible results. 



Mr. D. Crawford would ask Mr. Howe if he had dragged his wheat after it 

 was up. 



Mr. Howe said he often dragged his wheat ; he considered it of no harm ; 

 thought it did good. 



Mr. B. Pennell asked if twice plowing was not a good thing for wheat. 



Mr. Howe did not believe in twice plowing. 



Mr. Morgan. — What is the effect of pasturing Avheat in the fall? 



Mr. Howe. — Wlien my wheat gets too large I usually pasture, — unless the 

 ground is too wet I used horses or cattle ; when wet, sheep. 



Mr. Herkimer. — Would not sheep kill out the Hessian fly? 



Mr. Howe. — That question has been answered that pasturing will not kill 

 the fly. 



Mr. Thompson. — It is necessary to plow a second time on some soils in order 

 to keep down the weeds. 



Mr. Howe. — I do not recommend such early plowing as to give weeds a 

 chance. 



Mr. Fox mentioned a case where summer fallow had been abandoned. 



Mr. Glydden said he agreed with the essayist as to the amount of seed per 

 acre. 



Mr. Cole. — I believe with the essayist. 



Mr. Sparks. — I drilled in 1;^ bushels per acre, and I am content. 



Mr. Glydden said in the Fultz wheat are 6,180 kernels per bushel, and in 

 Clawson 5,l45, this would give 14 or 15 grains for each square foot if a bushel 

 per acre be sowed. 



Mr. Howe did not believe in raisins: wheat after wheat. 



AFTERNOON SESSION. 



Prof. Samuel Johnson of the Agricultural College read a paper on "Stock," 

 of whicii we have not the manuscript. 



Mr. J. H. Gillette read the following paper on 



