934 



THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 



[JUlfE 2, 1884. 



EXPERIMENTS ON THE STIFFNESS OF SOME OF THE PEINOIPAL AVOODS OF SINGAPORE, MALACCA, 



AND JOHORE* 



Name of Wooct. 

 I. 



Krangee 



Panaga 



Ttimboosoo 

 Billian Wangy... 



Billian Chingy... 



Marbow, Murboo, or ] 

 MaiTaboo ... ...J 



Johore Teak, or Ballow 



Johore Cedar ... 



Kruen 



Darroo 



TampSnis 



Knlim, or Joliore Iron- 

 wood ... 



Johore Rosewood, or 

 Kayu Merah (two 

 samples) 



Samaran 



Average 



weight 



per cubic 



foot. 



II. 



Deflec- 

 tion in 

 inches. 



III. 



Jolotong 



Seriah 



77 



72 



67 

 72 



00 

 61 



73 



40i 



50 

 61 



67 



5.10th 



5.10th 

 5-lOth 



5-lOth 



f 5-lOth 

 1 to| 



Weight Break- 

 produo- ing 

 ing-deflec- weight 



tioninlb 

 IT. 



38 



42 



29 

 47 



7-lOtb 



7-lOth-l- 



980 



688 



473 



408 



399 to 



578 



737 



410 



472 

 840 



in lb. 

 V. 



766 



583 

 326 



280 

 438 



1,339 



1,310 



548 

 1,038 



913 



894 to 

 987 



1,210 



616 



625J 

 1,300 



1,599-1- 



1.141 



952 

 532 



732 



737J 



Remabks. 

 VI. 



Very hard, close-grained, well adapted for beams of every 

 description. White ants or other insects do not touch 

 this timber. It is well adapted for piles for bridges in 

 fresh or salt water; it is also nsed for juuks' masts; 

 st.and8 well when sawn, ranKS with Tampenis for durability. 

 Fracture long, fibres tough, colour dark red. 



Is a bright red wood, very hard aud durable, well adapted 

 for roofing timbers, joists, aud timber work of bridges ; 

 is very cross-grained and difficult to work ; can be obtained 

 in any quantity to 9 "square. Fracture short. 



Is a capital wood for piles, or for any wood-work which is 

 exposed to the action of fresh or salt water ; is not 

 attacked by worms or white ants. Fracture short. 



Is a very hard, durable, and heavy wood, close-grained, fi bre 

 long, is not liable to be attacked by worms or white ants ; 

 beams of 511 ft. long and IS in. square can bo obtained. 

 Very suitable for roofing timber, girders, joists, and 

 timber bridges. 



A hard, close-grained, fine-fibred wood, but very much in- 

 ferior to Billian Wangy, of a brownish grey colour ; readily 

 attacked by insects and dry rot ; is used for flooring joists. 



Is a dxu:able wood, principally used for furniture, is readilv 

 worked. and takes polish well; it is also used for flooring 

 beams, timber bridges, carriage bodies, and framing of 

 vessels. Trees 4 ft. in diameter are sometimes obtained. 

 It is not readily attacked by white ants, but is by worms. 

 The colour is almost like English oak. 



Well adapted for permanent sleepers, beams, piles, ship- 

 building, engineering, and generg,! purposes where strength 

 and durability are required. Piles which have beeli in the 

 ground for 100 years have been found in a good state of 

 preservation. It is one of the few woods which wiU 

 really stand the climate of India. Colour dull grey. 



Well adapted for house-building purposes as in the manu- 

 facture of doors, windows, aud flooring planks. Fracture 

 short, timber open-grained, and is not liable to be worm- 

 eaten. 



Close-grained, tough fibres, and resembling yellow pine. 

 Used for native boats, planks, &c. Contains a kind of 

 dammar-like oleo-resin. 



Is much used for beams of houses and door frames; is 

 durable, if kept either wet or dry, but rots soon if ex. 

 posed to sun and raiu ; colour white, close-grained, fract- 

 ure long; has an agreeable smell. 



A'ery hard, close-grained, red-coloured, long-fibred, and 

 tough wood. Well adapted for beams of every descrip- 

 tion ; rt'hite ants and other insects do not touch it. Qsed 

 largely lor bridge piles in fresh or salt water ; considered 

 one of the most lasting timbers ; it warps if cut in planks. 



Somewhat similar to Ballow (vide ante). Used for planking 

 cargo boats; fracture short; makes superior beams and 

 telegraph posts, as it lasts wjll in the ground. 



Resembles rosewood in appearance, and used largely in 



cabinet work and household furniture. 

 Well ad.ipted for doors, windows, moulding, and other 



house-building pm-poses ; ts close and even grained, dullrod 



colour, short fracture, but liable to attacks of white ants. 

 Well adapted for patterns and mouldings, excellent for 



carving pni-poses, grain very close, scarcely any knots, 



colour whitish yellow, fracture short, but the wood is not 



very durable. 

 Of a dull red colour, close-grained, and largely used in 



house-building, lor boxes, boards, &c. 



* From the Tables of Dr. Maingay, Captain Mayne, R. E., Mr. W. D. Raylis, of the Public Works Department, Sti-aits 

 SettlemcntB, and Mr. ,T. Meldrum, Manager of the .lohore Steam Saw Mills. 'Hie billets of wood tried were 3' X 14' X Ih'- 

 'J'he aveiugo tlireo billets of each kind is givem. 



