A FORTNIGHTLY REVIEW 



OP THE 



IMPERIAL DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR THE WEST INDIES. 



NEW > 



BOTAN 



QAKKi 



Vjl. mi. No. 280. 



BARBADOS, JANUARY IS, 1913. 



Prick M. 



CONTENTS 



Action <<i Suliiliiu- on the 

 Soil 



C.ikiutii and JIagnesiuni 



in the Soil 



Ciilcimn Cyanamide, 



changes in 



Cotton Notes : — 

 Boll-Slicdding in Cot- 



t.in 



^'est Indian Cotton .. 

 We.xt Indian Cotton- 

 Groiving Season, 

 i911-]2 



Dciiaitnient News 



De|iaitmfntal Reports .. 

 Division of Laljonr 



Electricity, Tapping Rul)- 

 lier Trees liy 



Fungus Notes : — 



A Disease nf Tanias 

 Gleanings 



Page, 



..24i 



I 

 .. 211 



I 



•• 27, 



Paok. 



23! 

 19 i 



17 

 i 

 25; 



! 



30 



28 I 



Insect Notes : — 

 [ Sinnniary of Fntonio- 

 Iiigical Information in 

 \ tlie Agi'icultiiral News 



I in 1'.)12 26 



Market Reports 32 



'Notes and Comments ... 24 

 ■Papaw riant, Flowers of... 2o 

 Paper New Sources of ... 30 

 Philijipines, Agr eu tural 



Progress in, ]!ill ... 21 

 Pine apple. Interesting 



Facts Concerning ... 20 



Robust;! Coffee 2U 



Saccliulnse: A New Food- 

 stuff 24 



St. Vincent, Kxports 



from, ]i»II 31 



Sisal Hemp in Germ.in 



Fast Africa 23 



Students' Corner 2'.t 



Tropicid Iroducts, Work on 27 

 W-.-talile Silks 2'J 



Division of Labour. 



ilVISION OF LABOUR is the outcome of 

 hum.an propensity to barter and exchange. As 

 [was pointed out by Adam Smith, this propen- 

 sity is common to all men and is to be found in no other 

 race of animals. 'Nobody , siys Adam Smith, 'saw 

 a dog make a fair and deliberate exchange of one bone 

 for another with another dog; nobody ever saw one animal 

 by its gestures, and natural cries signify to another, this 

 is mine, that yours — I am willing to give this for that." 



Nevertheless, the term di\ ision of labour has an appli- 

 cation in biology for denoting a condition of co-opera- 

 tion such as that exhibited by a colony of ants or by 

 the composite inflorescence of the sunflower. But this 

 use of the term is [.hysiological, and should be distin- 

 guished from the economic application which constitutes 

 the theme of the present article. 



Few persons can be unacquainted with the simple 

 development of division of labour in the primseval 

 tribe of hunters, in which one man finding that he 

 could make bows and arrows with greater readiness 

 and dexterity than his companions, concentrated his 

 energies in this direciion and bartered and exchanged 

 the surplus products of his specialized labour for 

 venison and hide, the unspecialized products of the 

 general activities of his tribe. Another hunter found 

 that he excelled in constructing the little huts or 

 movable houses, and so settled down to this specialized 

 line of work, eventually becoming a sort of carpenter, 

 just as the maker of bows and arrows came to be 

 regarded as a kind of armourer. Further evolution of 

 this nature necessitated the establishment of villages 

 with their little shops; and general progress and devel- 

 opment, resulting mainly from competition, from the 

 development of natural resources, and communication 

 with the outside world, led gradually to the esi.iblish- 

 mentof those large centres of industry, with their highly 

 skilled labour, which constitute the characteriatic 

 fe.iture of modern times. 



Although this development of division of labour 

 has in the past been confined chieHy to the manufac- 

 tures and higher intellectual work of men of science 

 and philosophy, yet it has not been entirely absent 



