A FORTNIGHTLY REVIEW 



or THE 



LIB) 



NEW '. 



IMPERIAL DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR THE WEST INDIES. 'ZTo. 



Vol. XII. No. 288. 



BARBADOS, MAY 10, 1913. 



PaiGR ]d 



CONTENTS 



Pack 



Agricultunil Kduoutiou in | 

 !^t. Ijiiciu 159 



Cacio Trees, Tieatinent of 

 Stiu'in-daniaged 148 



Cattle, Possible Kew Breed 

 of .. 152 



Cotton Notes:— 



West Indian Colton ... 150 



Cotton rroduftion, Uni- 

 formity in 145 



Department News 149 



Depiu'tmental Reports ... 151 



Fornialdeliydo in Sap of 

 Green Plant'^, Presence 

 of 152 



Fungus Notes : — 



Red Rot Fungus and the 

 Sugar-cane in the West 

 Indies, Part III 158 



Gleanings 156 



Heredity and Mutation ... 150 



Insect Notes: 



Root Borers and Other 

 Grubs in West Indian 

 Soils 154 



Internatioral Ruljber E-\hi- 



bition, 1914 153 



Lime Cultivation in St. 



Lucia 151 



Maize, Floral Abnormal- 

 ties in l".*? 



Mango, Flowering of the 14S 



Market Reports 16(1 



Notes antt Comments ... lf>2 

 Otto of Rose.s, Production 



of 153 



Plants, ni.stiibution of Tem- 

 perature in 153 



Students' Corner 157 



Subsoil Water, 11 155 



Sugar Industry- : - 



A Reversible Barrel ... 147 

 Dauiagi- to Sugar-cane by- 

 Fire 147 



Multiple Mills 147 



Veterinary Notes' — 



Hook Worm Disease in 

 .Shoei' and Other Am- 



ii.als 14'.t 



Worms in Sheeji 1"" 



Uniformity in Cotton Production 



HE original conception of afrriciilliire ;is 

 ■I means of livelihood was based in primitivo 

 , times on the idea that every man should 

 grow his own necessities for oxi.slerice, and exchange 

 whatever surplus there might bo left, for luxuries or 

 for any essentia! articles he himself might find a diffi- 

 culty in producing. But with the dcvtlopment of indus- 

 trial organization and the increase iii the number and 

 the specialization of commodities, the difficulties of 

 barter and exchange necessitated the use of free money, 

 the establishment of op3n markets; and in the course 



of economic evolution, the agriculturist has come 

 gradually to devote his attention more and more to 

 the production of only one or two kinds of raw material, 

 which are sold on the open market for what money 

 they will bring, the proceeds being expended on those 

 necessities which were formerly produced by every 

 man. 



In some lines of agriculture this specialization has 

 proceeded farther than in others. The fruit grower, for 

 instance, may satisfy his own personal requirements in 

 regard to fruit, the sugar planter may not have to 

 purchase all the sugar he requires for personal use, 

 but the cotton-grower is placed in the extreme position 

 of a producer who is entirely dependent upon the 

 general consumers and, uhat is often overlooked, is 

 entirely out of touch with them as a class. In fact, 

 the cultivation of cotton on a large scale is essentially 

 a modern development resting upon industrial organ- 

 ization in manufacture and the improvement of 

 machinery. Knowledge of cotton has declined. The 

 average consumer to-day, is generally unfamiliar with 

 the ways of production and manufacture of the •^loth 

 which he uses, and is co.isequently unaware of the 

 true value of the class o; material he purchases. 



It is not too much to say that the waste iu the 

 consumption of low grade material would scarcely be 

 permitted if it were under.^tood that stronger and more 

 durable cotton were obtainable in sufficient quantities. 

 It is true that from the manufacturer's point of view 

 the quick wearing out of cheap material may increase 

 the demand and frequently bring larger returns for the 

 manufacturers, but thougii such a disregard for the 

 interests of the consumer may gain temporary profits, 

 yet it cannot be expected that those manufacturers 



