MINNESOTA MUSHROOMS 



Volva forming rings or scales on a bulb-like base; 

 gills usually white or whitish 



( 1 ) Whole ])lant dull red ; flesh reddening when 



bruised 



(2) Stem white or yellowish; flesh not reddening 



(a) Cap 3-6 cm. wdde; spores globose 



(b) Cap 8-15 cm. w-ide; spores elliptic 



A. rubesccns 



A. frostiana 

 A. Tiiiscaria 



Figure 2. 



Amamia nlrna 

 Deadly! 



Amanita phalloides Death Cup, Deadly Amanita 



C a p 4-10 rm. wide, usually white, more rarely olive, brown or yellow, slimy when 



moist, smooth or rough- 

 ened with a few large or 

 many small fragments 

 of the volva; globose, 

 then bell-shaped and 

 finally expanded ; stem 

 tall, stout, 7-13 cm. by 

 10-15 mm., white, rarely 

 dark, usually smooth, 

 bulbous, hollow above, 

 ring superior, large, 

 drooping, white, v o 1 v a 

 usually large with a free 

 border, but extremely 

 variable ; gills white 

 and usually free, rare- 

 ly slightly touching ; 

 spores globoid, S-lO/x- 

 Conmion in forest 

 and woodland from June 

 to October; the deadliest 



of all the gill fungi, but 



easily avoided by the col- 

 lector if he rejects all 

 mushrooms with both 

 ring and volva. This 

 species causes the major- 

 ity of the deaths due to eating poisonous forms. Amanita v e r n a is probably 

 only a form of this species : it is equally deadly. 



^ 



Amanita solitaria Solitary Amanita 



Cap large, 7-15 cm. wide, white or grayish, rarely brownish, the surface often 

 covered with flaky granules or distinct scales which are easily rubbed oflf, sticking to 



