38 



MINNESOTA MUSHROOMS 



4-9 cm. by 1-2 cm., dirty white, solid; gills adnexed, white; spores globose, 

 7-8/i. The name refers to the color. 



On the ground in woods, late smnnier to autumn; edible and of fair quality. 



Russula virescens Green Russula 



Cap medimn to large, 8-12 cm. wide, gray-green to dark green, rarely paler, 

 smooth, dry, often cracked into scales or warts, bell-shaped to flat and depressed ; 

 stem 6-8 cm. by 1-2 cm., white, spongy; gills free, white, crowded; spores 

 globoid, spiny, 6-9/i,. The name refer? to the green color. 



In woodland and grassland, from July to frost; one of the best of the Russulas. 



LACTARIUS 



Differing from Russula only in the presence of a white or colored milky 

 juice, a feature which distinguishes it also from practically all other gill-fungi. 

 It agrees with Russula in its brittle texture, and in its globoid spiny spores. 

 Many of the species are regarded as poisonous, but Mcllvaine insists that many of 

 them have been condemned without trial on account of their pungent taste or highly 

 colored milk. The pungency usually disappears on cooking, however, and some of 

 the best edible species have a bright-colored milky sap. The name refers to the 

 presence of milk. 



Key to the Species 



1. Milk bright-colored, usually yellow or orange 



a. Milk orange-red; flesh turning green when wounded 



b. Milk white, then golden; flesh not turning green 



2. Milk white, not becoming bright-colored 



a. Cap downy or hairy, at least on the margin 



(1) Cap downy or velvety throughout; white or whit- 



ish 



(2) Cap hairy or shaggy on the margin; tan tinged 



with red 



b. Cap not downy or hairy 



( 1 ) Cap sticky 



(a) Cap yellowish, zoned; gills w'hitish 



(b) Cap reddish or brownish-red, scarcely zoned; 



gills yellowish 



(2) Cap not sticky 



(a) Cap white; gills whitish, with occasional yel- 



low spots 



(b) Cap tawny to orange ; gills white ,or yellowish, 



brow^nish when wounded 



L. deliciosus 

 L. cJirysorrheus 



L. vellereus 



L. torminosus 



L. insulsiis 



L. hysginus 



L. piperatus 



L. vol emus 



Lactarius deliciosus Orange Flow 



Cap small to medium, 3-10 cm. wide, reddish-yellow, orange or brick-colored, 

 smooth, sometimes slightly sticky, usually distinctly zoned, plane, then depressed and 



