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ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



Besides the Scandinavian countries, for which I had the complete 

 record of observations, I had at my disposal the monthly means of tem- 

 perature of Bucarest, Kazan, Warsaw, Odessa, Aachen, and Geneva. I 

 made consecutive twelve monthly totals for these stations and also for 

 Bodo, Sydvaranger, Haparanda, and Vestervig. On the following dia- 

 grams (Figs. 10 and 11) I i-eproduce these totals graphically, together 

 with the curve of Arequipa, wliich will serve as a type of the direct solar 

 variation in equatorial regions. 



Fig. 10. — Curves of the conaevtitive means at liucharest, Odessa, Warsaw, Kazan and 



Arequipa 



The striking fact which is exhibited on these curves is that the varia- 

 tions of the European regions having a frankly continental climate are 

 radically different from those which lie under the prevalent influence of 

 the Atlantic. The curve of Kazan exhibits tendencies of increase of 

 temperature followed by tendencies of decrease in regular successions, 

 a variation repeating itself independently of the seasons of the year, just 

 as in Arequipa. In Bucarest and in Warsaw we have also the typical 

 pleionian variation. The curve of Aachen, on the contrary, is absolutely 

 different. There we have small ups and downs entirely disfiguring the 



