18 



equal, stuffed or hollow, pallid or whitish ; milk persistently white and 

 acrid. In woods and fields. Specimens have been collected in New 

 York, Massachusetts, Maryland, and Virginia. Cap 3 to 5 inches, stem 2|- 

 to 4 inches. 



Lactarius pyrogalus. Cap fleshy, slightly zon-ed, smooth, even, and 

 moist, depressed in the center, grayish, or cinereous ; gills white or yel- 

 lowish, thin, not crowded ; stem short, stout, stuffed, or hollow, some- 

 times slightly attenuated towards the root, pallid ; flesh white or whitish ; 

 milk white and extremely acrid, copious. Borders of woods and meadows. 

 This mushroom is sometimes called the " Fiery Milk Mushroom." 



Lactarius uvidus Fries. Cap thin, convex, then plane, and slightly 

 depressed in the center, sometimes showing slight umbo, viscid, zone- 

 less, smooth, dingy gray or pallid brown, margin turned inwards ; gills 

 narrow and close together, white or yellowish, when cut or bruised turn- 

 ing a purplish hue ; stem stuffed or hollow, viscid, smooth, equal or slightly 

 tapering towards the cap, white ; milk white, changing to lilac, acrid. 

 Height 2 to 4 inches. Cap 2 to 4 inches broad. In woods. 



Lactarius turpis Fries. Cap viscid, compact, zoneless, greenish umber, 

 margin clothed with yellowish down ; gills thin, paler than the cap ; stem 

 hollow or stuffed, stoutish, short, viscid, olive color, slightly attenuated 

 towards the base ; milk vihite, acrid. Fir woods. 



Lactarius ^>Z«»<ie?<s Fries. Cap fleshy, firm, dry, somewhat hairy, vary- 

 ing in color, usually some shade of brown ; gills yellowish, thin, and close 

 together ; stem solid, equal, lighter in color than the cap ; flesh white ; 

 milk white and acrid. 



Lactarius vellereiis Fries. Fleecy Lactarius. Cap compact, convex or 

 umbilicate, zoneless, minutely downy ; margin reflexed, gills white, dis- 

 tant, arcuate; stem short, solid, pubescent ; milk white, acrid, somewhat 

 scanty. In woods. Whole plant white. 



Lactarius plperatas Scop. Peppery Lactarius. Cap fleshy, compact, 

 convex and slightly umbilicate, at last deeply depressed, becoming funnel- 

 formed, smooth and even ; gills decurrent, very narrow, thin, even and 

 close together, dichotonous, white ; flesh white; milk 'white, extremely 

 acrid, copious ; stem very short, stout, solid. Whole plant white. 



Lactarius hlennias Fries. Cap depressed, slimy or glutinous, greenish- 

 gray ; margin incurved and somewhat downy. Gills narrow, white or 

 whitish ; stem stuffed or hollow, viscid, and of same color as the cap or 

 paler ; milk white and very acrid. 



M. C. Cooke divides the genus Lactarius into 4 " Tribes " : (1) Piperites, 

 in which the stem is central, gills unchangeable, naked, neither discolored 

 nor jorwmose, milk at first white ox^di commonly acrid ; (2) Dapetes, in 

 which the stem is central, gills naked, milk from the first deeply colored; 

 (3) Russulares, in which the stem is central, gills pallid, then discolored, 

 becoming darker, changing when turned to the light, at length />?•^<^nose, 

 with milk at first lohite and mild and sometimes becoming acrid ; (4) 

 PleuropoSj in which the stem is concentric or lateral. 



