EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 



377 



TABLE II. 



Churning Conditions. 



II. Creamery very small. 250 lbs. of butter churned three times a week. 

 Butter the si^e of wheat grains. Washed twice and worked twice in the 

 churn. 



IV. Most of the cream separated from the whole milk. Butter grains 

 the size of peas, washed once and then churned 2 to 3 minutes with churn 

 filled § full of water. Worked twice. 



VI. With butter the size of wheat grains, the buttermilk was drained off, 

 the butter washed once and then churned for 2-3 minutes in § of a churn 

 full of fresh water. Worked three times. 



VIII. Butter the size of wheat grains, washed once and worked once. 



X. Cream old and overheated. Butter washed once and worked three 

 times. 



XIV. Butter churned to size of walnuts, washed once and worked three 

 times. 



Samples II, IV and VI were obtained from small creameries and it was 

 not possible at the date of the visits to obtain seven tubs from the single 

 churning. The deficiency was made up from butter churned just previously 

 as indicated. Inasmuch as the general conditions were the same for all, 

 the seven tubs were run as a single lot in each case. 



The history of shipping, storing and sampling is a very extensive one, 

 since each tub has its own history different from all others. The principle 

 of the experiment was to bring the tubs as soon as possible after churning 

 to the storages and to the laboratory. The samples were bought in May 

 and June, except the lots I, III, V, which were made and investigated in 

 February. There was sometimes some delay in shipping or storing, es- 

 peciall} in the cold storage d, which was not at first prepared for our samples. 

 In November, the tubs c and d were shipped to storage h and sampled and 

 scored there. In the case of lot XVIII, four tubs only were secured and 

 these were sampled after six and nine months. Samples XVIIIc and 

 XVIIIf^ were obtained from the tubs in the storage warehouses and brought 

 at once to the laboratory where they were plated the next day. As the 

 samples were kept cold, no great change could have taken place. In Feb- 

 ruary all samples were taken to the station storage, which was cold enough 

 at that time to keep the butter. 



