148 AGRICULTURE OF MAINE. 



bolized oil. in case it is on the outside. The carbolized oil is no 

 more nor less than a certain per cent of carbolic acid mixed with 

 oil. I select the pure, raw linseed oil, because I am more sure of 

 getting it pure, then take one part of carbolic acid to ten parts 

 of this oil, and it makes one of the finest applications to put on 

 to the sores, and is a germicide as well. I prescribe this in 

 the most favorable form, but there is a worse form. That little 

 germ that caused the blister on the teat may not start there, and, 

 in fact, it does not start there as often as it does in some other 

 parts. It comes unnoticed. It starts right at the end of the milk 

 channel, right at the end of the teat, and is so small that the 

 farmer will not notice it until it gets the start of him. There is 

 where the danger comes in. The first noticeable thing would be 

 that when you start to milk the cow would be nervous and upset 

 the pail, and then you might have a stable scene. You would 

 not understand why the cow kicked. The fact was, there was 

 a little blister at the end of the teat so very tender that the min- 

 ute you attempted to start the milk out of the udder it gave her 

 excruciating pain and the cow resented it. The man did not 

 notice it ; he did not know where to look for it. The next time 

 it might be the same thing, and usually about the second or third, 

 sometimes the first and rarely beyond the third, the man would 

 notice that the teat was hot and tense. I do not know the nature 

 of the germ, but I know that it must be a germ because I see the 

 effects. The nature of it is worthy of experimentation by our 

 bacteriologists. We have reason to believe it comes from the 

 stable. But why does it get at the end of the teat? Simply be- 

 cause there is always moisture, there is always warmth there. If 

 the cow lay down and the end of that teat came in contact with 

 the germ, it could take its root at the very end where there was 

 warmth and moisture, and then the tendency is to spread up the 

 milk duct or the milk channel and the whole milk channel in 

 time will become inflamed. That is what made the teat tense and 

 inflamed. It will work right up and destroy the udder. It will go 

 right up into the quarter of the udder and ramify through it, and 

 at last it becomes sometimes an abscess, and sometimes it stops 

 there and destroys that part of the udder. That can be headed ofir, 

 on the line of which I have spoken, if the man will take it in time, 

 but he must not loiter. When a man sits down to milk a cow and 

 the cow kicks the pail over, he should put on his spectacles and 



