REPORT OF STATE DAIRY INSTRUCTOR. ibQ 



always found many disadvantages in railroad milk ; first, it is old 

 when it reaches the consumer; second, it is brought over the 

 road in ordinary cars in which it becomes warm and soon sours ; 

 third, milk raised as that is for the market on a large scale, is 

 produced for quantity and not quality ; fourth, it is produced so 

 far away from local inspection that it is sometimes questionable, 

 but the condition of all the milk in Portland was found to stand 

 hig"h in its class, some of it being evidently raised under fine 

 sanitary conditions, though I would not give an impression that 

 there was no need of better conditions or of closer inspection, 

 for such is greatly needed. 



About the first of March, the Portland Board of Health 

 started out to enforce an ordinance requiring that all milk and 

 cream should come from tuberculin tested cows, and while I 

 acted only in an advisory manner, yet I was in close touch with 

 their movements and in frequent consultation throughout a cam- 

 paign which had many perplexing problems both to the board 

 and the dairymen; but in the end, most difficulties were adjusted 

 and as a result over 5,000 cows, all supplying the city, were 

 tested, and in return the wholesale price of milk was increased 

 about five cents per can which has worked greatly to the advan- 

 tage of the producer, and the consumers feel that they can afiford 

 to pay the increased price for the better protection to health. 

 While the work has not been perfect probably, yet on the whole, 

 it seems that Portland has succeeded in doing a work which 

 many other cities have tried with no better, nor as good success. 



The cream situation in the State is more prosperous than ever 

 before. The demand has steadily increased, and the past season 

 was so hot that more cream has been sold during the past year 

 than m any previous year. 



The short supply and great demand has been the cause of rais- 

 ing the wholesale price received by the creameries and in turn 

 the producers have received the highest prices ever paid, reach- 

 ing in many instances to the extreme price of 33 cents per pound 

 of butter tat lor several months during the winter. 



There has been an increase of six creameries in the State dur- 

 ing the past year, all of which are a credit to the industry because 

 they are substantial buildings, fully equipped, nicely finished and 

 sanitary. The tendency to improve in this direction is particu- 

 larly gratifying and speaks well for our manufacturers. The 



