196 Guide to ihe Mushrooms 



VEIL, (a) Partial or marginal veil, a special covering 

 extending from the margin of the pileus to the 

 stem enclosing the gills; (b) universal veil or 

 volva a covering enclosing the entire plant when 

 in young state either joined to the cuticle of the 

 pileus, as in Lepiota, or separated, as in Aman- 

 ita, ultimately ruptured by the expanding pileus; 

 (c) a fibrous or granulose coating stretched over 

 the mouth of a cup soon breaking up into frag- 

 ments. 



VEINS. Swollen wrinkles at the base and on the 

 sides of gills often connected to form cross par- 

 titions. 



VENOSE. Veined. 



VENTRICOSE. Swelling out in the middle. 



VERMICULAR. Worm-shaped. 



VERNAL. Pertaining to spring. 



VILLOUS. Covered with soft hair. 



VISCID. Sticky. 



VISCOUS. Gluey. 



VOLVA (a) Same as universal veil the name is often 

 applied to that part of a separate volva which 

 is left after rupturing attached to the base of the 

 stem in the form of a sheath; (b) the peridium 

 in phalloids is similar to the volva in Amanitae. 



WART. Any wart-like excrescence found on the pil- 

 eus of fungi name applied to the wart-like re- 

 mains of the volva which adhere to the pileus 

 of some Amanitae. 



ZONES. Circular bands of color. 



