Chemical Science. 193 



35. Bark of the Soap Tree, or Quillai Saponaria. — This bark, if 

 pulverized and shaken in water, soon yields a solution, frothing as 

 if it contained soap. It is obtained from a tree in Chili, known by 

 the name of Quillai Saponaria. the trunk of which is straight, 

 and of considerable height. The wood is hard, red, and never splits. 

 The bark is rugged, divided, fibrous, of an ash grey colour exter- 

 nally, and white within. It contains a peculiar substance, pungent, 

 soluble in water and alcohol, and frothing with water ; this matter 

 dries into thin transparent plates. It contains also a fatty matter, 

 united to chlorophyle ; sugar; a brown colouring matter dissolved 

 by alkalis ; a little gum ; a free acid ; malate of lime ; starch ; 

 lignine ; oxide of iron, and a small quantity of the muriates and 

 phosphates of potash and lime. — Jour. dePharmacie, Mai, 1828. 



36. Chemical Analysis of Green Oranges, by Dr. R. Brandes. — 

 M. Brandes has found, in 2000 parts of this fruit, 



Aurantine, or orange bitter, with traces of gallic, Part *- 



citric, and malic acids .... 26 

 Aurantine, witii malate of lime, traces of resin, 



and gummy sugar ..... 35 



Suber ....... 24 



Particular neutral crystallizable matter ... 6 



Chlorophyle ...... 4 



Chlorophyle with stearine .... 7 



Red, fatty, crystallizable colouring substance (Ery- 



throphyle) ...... 5 



Albumen . . . . . . . 15 



Gum, with vegeto-animal matter . . . . 310 



Citrate, malate, sulphate and phosphate of lime, 



sulphate and muriate of potassa, with traces of a 



salt of magnesia . . ... . . 12 



Phyteumacolline, with malic acid, malate, and citrate 



of potassa ...... 420 



Phosphate of lime ... . . .3 



Citrate of lime ...... 12 



Malate of lime ...... 6 



Ulmine (humic acid) with humate of lime . . 30 

 Vegeto-animal matter soluble in water, insoluble in 



alcohol ....... 34 



Vegeto-animal matter soluble in water and in alcohol 



obtained by caustic potassa . . . . 300 



Vegetable fibre, with different mineral salts . . 140 



Liquid substances, including volatile oil . . 480 



1869 

 Green oranges contain a particular bitter substance, aurantine 



or orange bitter, which is, with volatile oil, the principal seat of the 



active properties of this fruit. 



In green oranges there is also found a peculiar crystallizable 



neutral substance, which deserves further examination, but the 

 JULY— SEPT., 1829. O 



