10 STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



home. The fniit grower may well adopt this plan and make fruit the 

 leading money crop. On nearly every farm there are some locations 

 better adapted to fruit growing than others. These may well be set 

 out to fruit to the extent of from one-fourth to one-half of the culti- 

 vated area. 



Many of our farmers on the Peninsula have found that dairying fits 

 in well Avith the fruit business as is evidenced by the large number of 

 silos that have been put up in recent years. Our land is too valuable 

 for grazing purposes but we can with the aid of the silo and by the 

 use of the two great forage crops — corn and clover — compare favorably 

 with any section of our county in the production of dairy products. 

 Fruit growing and dairying may well go together, the one furnishing a 

 direct money crop to be sold off the farm, the other furnishing a good 

 market right at home on the farm for all the forage crops that can be 

 grown and while realizing a profit from feeding them out, still retain- 

 ing to the farm a large jier cent of their fertilizing value. This system 

 along with the use of cover crops in the orchards supplemented by 

 small quantities of mineral fertilizers will greatly aid in the production 

 of more and better fruit. There are also other advantages in this com- 

 bination, it helps to distribute the labor of the farm more evenly 

 throughout the season, giving something for men and teams to do when 

 not needed in the orchard. It helps to supply the needs of the home 

 by furnishing the things which we have come to regard as essential to 

 the art of good living. 



DISCUSSION. 



Q. Give the list of varieties and proportions for a model orchard in 

 the Grand Traverse section, of apple, peach, cherry and small fruit? 



Mr. E. O. Ladd: I can give you my opinion. Fall apples — Duchess 

 and Wealthy. Winter apples — Greenings, Baldwins, Northern Spy, Wag- 

 ners, Hubbardston and Canada Red. 



A member: I think there should not be too many varieties, and that 

 one fault with the older orchards is there are too many varieties. For 

 commercial purposes we should confine ourselves to a few leading 

 varieties. 



Q. Will severe pruning of young trees hasten or retard bearing? 



Mr. Wilken: The severe pruning of young trees generally tends to 

 check early bearing, because severe pruning in spring will tend to make 

 the tree make good growth ; I just prune lightly, shaping up the head. 



Q. What is the average cost of producing and packing a barrel of 

 apples? The cost of a bushel of peaches and a crate of strawberries? 



Mr. Wilken : That was answered by Mr. Case— 11.00 to iifl.25. 



A. What causes the Baldwin and Jonathan Spot? How prevented? 



Mr. Wilken: The Baldwin and Jonathan spots are both parasitical 

 trouble, and is a breaking down of the cells of the fruit. The Spy has 

 about the same, and there is no cure for it. The Jonathan spot is very 

 often found on the tree, but more often found after it has been in cold 

 storage two or three weeks. The spots don't grow much in the winter, 

 but sink more on account of the drying of the fruit. 



Q. How does the dry powdered arsenate of lead compare with the 

 paste, in cost and in value as an insecticide? 



