lOS STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



GENERAL TREATMENT FOR SPRAYING APPLE ORCHARDS. 



lu the winter or early spring:, inspect the trees for San Jose, scurfy 

 or oyster-shell scale. (Send twigs and strips of bark to the entomologist 

 of the Experiment Station, if you cannot identify the scale yourself.) 



These scale insects, especially the San Jose scale, must be destroyed 

 promptly or they will kill the trees. 



Just Before the Buds Open, if the scale be present, spray with the 

 strong lime-sulphur wash. To be successful, the work must be done 

 very thoroughly — this means that evcri/ part of the tree must be covered 

 with the spray. 



Just Before the Blossoms Open, or When They Are ''In the Pink," 

 a spraying must be made to prevent scab and other fungus disease and 

 the canker-worm, bud-moth and a few other insects. For this and the 

 sprayings that follow, use the dilute limesulphur or the bordeaux mix- 

 ture. To every tifty gallons, add two or three lbs, of arsenate of lead. 

 (With lime-suli»liur, this is the only poison that can be used.) 



Iimi\[ediati:ly After the Blossoms Fall, and before the calyx closes, 

 another spraying must be made just like the one before. At this time 

 direct the spray downward from above as much as possible, and with 

 the highest ])ressure available, the object being to get some of the ma- 

 terial into the calyx cups, to poison the larva of the codling moth when 

 it attempts to enter. 



This is a very necessary spraying. If well done it usually means a 

 crop free from worms. 



About Two "^'^'keks After the Above Spraying, make another. Use 

 same mixture and poison as in previous s]>raying. 



Early In August, there will be a second generation of codling-moths. 

 Just when this will occur for your locality can be determined. (See 

 ''When the codling-moth (lies' page 127.) 



Protect fall and winter varieties against the codling-moth and a possi- 

 ble late outbreak of scab. Use the usual amount of poison, but the 

 dilute lime-sul])hur, or the bordeaux, either of which can be made some- 

 what Aveaker than before. 



The Lesser Apple-Worm, which works more superficially than the 

 codling-moth, when present requires a spray of poison when standard 

 winter varieties are from 1 to li/> inches in diameter. 



Pi^\nt Lice of several kinds infest the apple tree, and their effect on 

 the fruit and foliage deijends largely on weather conditions. 



The lice are hatched out by the time the buds turn pink and a spray of 

 nicotine or some other contact spray is most effective at that time. 



On the other hand, an early Spring with warm, dry weather follow- 

 ing this time is unfavorable to the lice and they may fail to appear in 

 large numbers during such seasons. Cold and wet and a late Spring are 

 favorable to the rosy lice. In seasons of this character, spraying is 

 almost imperative. 



