FORTY-THIRD ANNUAL REPORT. 127 



(so more should be used) and more expensive. The one advantage is 

 that it is a little easier to use. 



Ground lime for making bordeaux mixture acts exactly like lump lime, 

 if freshj but this is diflHcult to determine as it is already in a powder. 



CAUTIONS. 



Do not spray while plants are in bloom. It is prohibited by law, ex- 

 cept when canker-worm is present, and may destroy bees and other bene- 

 ficial insects. 



Do not dissolve copper sulphate in an iron or tin vessel. It will ruin 

 the vessel and spoil the spraying solution. 



For all spraying solutions containing copper sulphate, the pump must 

 be brass or porcelain lined. 



Wash out pump and entire outfit each time after using. 



Use arsenate of lead on stone fruits in preference to other forms of 

 arsenical poisons. It is less liable to bum the foliage. 



Do not spray fruits or plants with poison within a month or more of 

 the time when they are to be picked. 



Keep all "stock solutions" covered to prevent evaporation. 



Do not spend money for freak "cure-alls" such as powders to be put 

 into a hole bored in the tnmk or limbs of trees or liquids to be diluted 

 and poured on the ground beneath the trees. They may do considerable 

 harm. 



WHEN THE CODLING-MOTH FLIES. 



While the first week in August is a good average time for applying an 

 arsenical spray for the second generation of the Codling-moth in Michi- 

 gan, it is well to remember that seasons vary, and that the time set aims 

 merely at an average. To determine exactly each year just when to get 

 the highest efficiency out of a spray, for a particular locality, requires 

 only a few hours of work, providing one can find some neglected apple 

 trees near at hand. 



First of all scrape off' all loose bark-flakes from the trunk and limbs 

 of several trees, thus destroying all the natural places for the hiding 

 away of the cocoons. The scraping is most easily done while the bark 

 is soft after a prolonged rain. 



Next, make some bands of burlap six or eight inches broad and three 

 or four layers thick; place one around the trunk of each prepared tree 

 and fasten with a headless wire nail driven into the tree so that the 

 band can easily be removed. Do this in June so that the cloth may be- 

 come weathered before the time for spinning. The larvae in searching 

 for a good place to spin cocoons will find the bands, in the absence of 

 other protection, and spin cocoons there. 



Occasional examinations during July will reveal these cocoons, which 

 should be carefully removed by cutting out a small bit of the cloth to 

 which each is fastened. 



Place all these bits of cloth with the cocoons attached in a cage made 

 of a lantern globe or some other glass cylinder open at top and bottom, 

 and then tie a bit of mosquito netting over the top to confine the insects 

 when they come out of the cocoons. If the lantern globe is set on a 

 little soil in a flower pot and the soil is kept just slightly moist, the 

 chances of getting the moths out are increased. 



Now put the cage thus prepared in a shady place where the sun cannot 



